SHS4202 Cwis Wythnos 1

Mae’r bilen blasmaidd

The plasma membrane

• Wedi ei wneud i fyny yn bennaf o ffosffolipidau a phroteinau wedi eu trefnu mewn strwythur mosaig hylifol

  Is composed primarily of phospholipids and proteins arranged in a fluid mosaic structure

• Hefo ymddangosiad ‘trilaminar’ o dan electron microsgop

  Has a trilaminar appearance under the electron microscope

• Mae’r ddau ateb blaenorol yn gywir

  Both of the previous are correct

Pa ddatganiad sy’n disgrifio ffosffolipidau orau?

Which statement best describes phospholipids?

• Wedi alinio mewn tri-haen lipidau sy’n ffurfio’r bilen blasmaidd

  Are aligned in a lipid trilayer forming the plasma membrane

• Yn cynnwys pen polar, hydroffilig sy’n cludo ffosffad a dau gynffon asid brasterog, hydroffobig, amholar

  They consist of a polar, hydrophilic, phosphate-bearing head and two non-polar hydrophobic, fatty acid tails

• Gweini fel moleciwlau cludo ar gyfer cludiant pilen

  Serve as carrier molecules for membrane transport

Dewiswch pa opsiwn sy’n crynhoi cludiant cludydd-gyfryngol orau

Select which option best summarises carrier-mediated transport

• O hyd yn symud sylweddau yn erbyn graddiant crynodiad

  Always moves substances against a concentration gradient

• Cynnwys protein pilen penodol sy’n gweini fel moleciwl cludo

  Involves a specific membrane protein that serves as a carrier molecule

• Angen traul egni o’r gell i weithredu

  Require energy expenditure from the cell to function

Pa un o’r canlynol sy’n enghraifft o ddolen adborth positif?

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?

• Ceulad

  Coagulation

• Cynyddu pH gwaed yn dilyn asidosis

  Increasing blood pH following acidosis

• Lleihau cynnydd ‘post-prandial’ mewn lefel glwcos y gwaed

  Decreasing post-prandial rise in blood glucose level

Pa un o’r toddion canlynol sydd fwyaf tebygol i dryledu’n oddefol ar draws y bilen blasmaidd (lipid hydawdd)?

Which of the following solutes is most likely to passively diffuse across the plasma membrane (lipid soluble)?

• Anion

  An anion

• Moleciwl polar

  A polar molecule

• Moleciwl amholar

  A non-polar molecule

• Catïon

  A cation

Pa ymadrodd sy’n disgrifio gwybodaeth yn cael ei yrru i ffwrdd o’r ganolfan reoleiddio yn ystod homeostasis?

Which phrase describes information being sent away from the control Centre during homeostasis?

• Afferol

  Afferent

• Echddygol

  Efferent

• Derbynnydd

  Receptor

• Effeithydd

  Effector

Mae glwcos yn mynd i mewn i’r gell trwy drylediad syml

Glucose enters the cell by simple diffusion?

• Gwir

  True

• Anwir

  False

Mae proteinau cludo yn broteinau trawsbilen?

Carrier proteins are transmembrane proteins?

• Gwir

  True

• Anwir

  False

Bydd lleihad mewn athreiddedd y bilen yn arwain at leihad yn y fflwcs net?

A decrease in membrane permeability will lead to a decrease in the net flux?

• Gwir

  True

• Anwir

  False

Bydd cynnydd yn glwcos y gwaed dros ben yr amrediad arferol yn cael pa un o’r effeithiau canlynol?

An increase in blood glucose above the normal range will have which of the following effects?

• Actifiant o gelloedd pancreatig α sy’n secretu’r hormon glwcagon

  Activation of pancreatic α cells secreting the hormone glucagon

• Actifiant o gelloedd pancreatig β sy’n secretu’r hormon glwcagon

  Activation of pancreatic β cells secreting the hormone glucagon

• Actifiant o gelloedd pancreatig β sy’n secretu’r hormon inswlin

  Activation of pancreatic β cells secreting the hormone insulin

• Actifiant o gelloedd pancreatig α sy’n secretu’r hormon inswlin

  Activation of pancreatic α cells secreting the hormone insulin