AP Bio Unit 2 Review

Dialysis tubing was filled with a solution that consisted of 95% solvent and 5% solute. The dialysis tubing was placed in a beaker filled with a solution that consisted of 98% solvent and 2% solute. Using this information, which statement is correct?

• The solutes will diffuse through the membrane but not the solvent

• The net flow of solvent is into the dialysis tubing

• The dialysis is in a hypertonic solution

• The relation of the dialysis tubing to its environment is isotonic

A researcher is studying the movement of a protein that is secreted from a eukaryotic cell.

Which of the following pathways best represents the movement they could expect

for packaging/processing of the secretory protein?

• Nucleus --> Golgi --> Rough ER --> Cytoplasm

• Golgi --> Rough ER --> secretory vesicles --> Plasma Membrane

• Rough ER --> Golgi --> secretory vesicle --> Plasma Membrane

• Secretory vesicle --> Golgi --> Rough ER -- Cytoplasm

A certain type of specialized cell contains an unusually large amount of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Which of the following functions is this cell type most likely specialized to perform?

• The production and secretion of lipids

• The destruction of toxic materials produced in other cells of the organism

• The synthesis of polysaccharides for energy storage

• The production and secretion of proteins

One difference between plant and animal cells is that plant cells have ...

• Lysosomes

• A central vacuole

• Centrosomes

• Flagella

Which of the following pieces of evidence best supports to endosymbiotic theory?

• Some organelles in eukaryotes have their own DNA similar to that of prokaryotes

• Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are both surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer

• Free living mitochondria and chloroplasts can be found and inserted into eukaryotes

• Eukaryotes and prokaryotes frequently exchange cytoplasmic material

Which of the following cellular deficiencies would most likely be related to mutations in mitochondrial proteins?

• The cell is unable to synthesize most proteins required for normal cell functions

• The cell is unable to break down toxic materials and would accumulate large volumes of these materials

• The cell is able to synthesize proteins, but the proteins would not fold properly and would not contain the correct molecular tags for export from the cell

• The cell is unable to complete reactions related to electron transport and ATP production

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

The NaCl concentration of red blood cells is 154mM. Predict what would happen if the cell was placed in a 220mM NaCl solution.

• The red blood cell will shrivel

• The red blood cell will swell

• Nothing, this is an isotonic solution

• Solutes will diffuse into the red blood cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

You are examining a cell that has a high rate of protein synthesis. Knowing this, what cellular component would you expect to see large numbers of?

• mitochondria

• lysosomes

• smooth endoplasmic reticulum

• ribosomes

According to the endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria and chloroplasts are believed to have evolved through a symbiotic relationship originating when an early ancestor of eukaryotic cells engulfed a prokaryotic cell. which of the following does NOT represent a piece of evidence to support this theory?

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts can self-replicate

• Mitochondria and chloroplast chromosomes are linear

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts can perform transcription and translation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

If analyzing the membrane composition of an organism living in a cold climate, what would you expect to find?

• Long fatty acid chains to ensure the membrane is held together through hydrophobic interactions

• Branched fatty acid chains, which would ensure the membrane does not pull apart at the low temperatures

• Many saturated fatty acid chains to allow for the membrane to maintain its fluidity at low temperatures

• Many unsaturated fatty acid chains to prevent tight packing of the phospholipids at low temperatures