Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks

sediments consists of solid material that has been deposited on Earth's surface by wind, water, ice, gravity, or chemical precipitation.

• cementation

• lithification

• sediment

• chemical weathering

Glaciers and landslides tend to create unsorted deposits in which sediments of different sizes are mixed together.

• unsorted deposits

• elastic sediments

• sedimentary rock

• deposition

During chemical weathering, the minerals in a rock are dissolved or otherwise chemically changed.

• physical weathering

• unsorted deposits

• chemical weathering

• sorted deposits

The process by which mineral growth binds sediment grains together into solid rock is cementation.

• cementation

• lithification

• sediment

• chemical weathering

Weathering produces clastic sediment, which are rock and mineral fragments.

• chemical weathering

• physical weathering

• sorted deposits

• graded bedding

When sediments become cemented together, they form sedimentary rock.

• sedimentary rock

• cross-bedding

• ripple marks

• graded bedding

As a result of deposition, sediments are laid down on the ground or on the bottom of bodies of water.

• deposition

• sorted deposits

• cross-bedding

• sand dunes

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The physical and chemical process called lithification transforms sediments into sedimentary rocks.

• lithification

• bedding

• cross-bedding

• graded bedding

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

During physical weathering, minerals remain chemically unchanged, and rock fragments simply break off of the solid rock along fractures or grain boundaries.

• chemical weathering

• physical weathering

• sorted deposits

• cross-bedding

Sediments tend to form sorted deposits when transported by water and wind.

• unsorted deposits

• elastic sediments

• sorted deposits

• deposition

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4