Macromolecules

Which list of components characterizes RNA?

• a phosphate group, deoxyribose and uracil

• a phosphate group, ribose and uracil

• a phosphate group, ribose and thymine

• an amino group, deoxyribose and uracil

Which of the following statements reguarding carbon is false?

• Carbon has the capacity to form polar covalent bonds with hydrogen

• Carbon has the ability to form covalent bonds with up to 4 other atoms

• Carbon has the capacity to form single and double bonds

• Carbon has the ability to bond together to form extensive "carbon skeletons"

Because of the unique properties of water associated with hydrogen bonding, water evaporates from pores on the leaves of plants and draws water molecules in a continuous chain from the roots up through the vascular tissues of plants. Which of these groups of terms describes the process and the properties of water that explain this?

• adhesion, cohesion, and translocation

• adhesion, cohesion, and transcription

• cohesion, adhesion, and transpiration

• cohesion, hybridization, and transpiration

Match the following molecular terms:

• Linkages between the monomers of proteins

• Alpha helix

• A secondary structure of proteins

• Lipids

• The major class of biological molecules that are not polymers

• Cellulose

• A structural carbohydrate found in plants

• Peptide bonds

Hydrolysis is involved in which of the following?

• formation of starch, a polysaccharide, from monomers of glucose

• hydrogen bond formation between nitrogen bases of nucleic acids

• peptide bond formation between amino acids to form a protein

• the digestion of sucrose, a disaccharide, into its monomers of glucose and fructose

Which of the macromolecules below could form structural parts of the cell, be enzymes, or be involved in cell movement?

• nucleic acids

• proteins

• lipids

• carbohydrates

An organic compound that is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio is known as a ​ (a)   .

• carbohydrate
• protein
• lipid
• nucleic acid

The plasma membrane is composed of several different macromolecules. Which macromolecule serves as the fluid interface between the intracellular and extracellular environments?

• proteins

• phospholipids

• carbohydrates

• cholesterol

A globular blood protein that transports vitamin A is 127 amino acids long. Select an answer for each of the following:

How many water molecules were produced in synthesis of the protein?

What chemical process joined the amino acids together?

• 127 water molecules

• 126 water molecules

• hydrolysis

• dehydration synthesis

Answer explanation

In dehydration synthesis, one water molecule is removed to form each bond.

Which of the following biological macromolecules contains phosphorous?

• Nucleic acids

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids