Checkpoint 1 Review 23-24

As part of an activity, a student arranges two glowing lightbulbs of the same intensity, A and B, side by side on a table. The student stands 1.0 meter (m) from the table and observes that the bulbs appear equally bright. What change would make bulb B appear less bright than bulb A?

• Move bulb B closer to the student.

• The student could move farther away from the table.

• Reduce the current flow to bulbs A and B.

• Place bulb B father away from the student.

The image and table show the relative sizes and distances of different stars from Earth. A student argues that the Sun appears brightest among the other stars listed. Which statement best supports the student’s argument?

• The Sun is the largest star.

• The Sun is the closest star to Earth.

• The Sun emits less light than other stars.

• The Sun burns hot gasses that make it brighter.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

An astronomer uses a telescope to look at the night sky. One of the stars she sees is a small dot of light named Arcturus. Arcturus is approximately twenty-five times as wide as the Sun. Why does Arcturus appear so much smaller than the Sun?

• Arcturus is not as hot as the Sun.

• Arcturus is closer to Earth than the Sun.

• Arcturus does not give off as much light.

• Arcturus is farther away from Earth than the Sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

The Local Group is a group that contains the Milky Way and about 50 other galaxies. The table lists data for five galaxies in the Local Group. The distance across a galaxy is measured in light-years. A light-year is a unit of distance that contains millions of kilometers.

Which statement correctly compares the Milky Way to another galaxy in the Local Group?

• The Milky Way galaxy is a different shape than galaxy M32.

• The Milky Way galaxy is larger than galaxy M31.

• The Milky Way galaxy is smaller than the Triangulum galaxy.

• The Milky Way galaxy is the same shape as the Pegasus Dwarf galaxy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

The Milky Way Galaxy is a spiral galaxy, which means it has multiple arms spiraling out from its center. During a group discussion, four students make the following claims. Student 1: "Other galaxies in the Universe are shaped like the Milky Way Galaxy, but these are all much smaller than it." Student 2: "Many of the galaxies in the Universe are shaped like the Milky Way Galaxy, but many are not." Student 3: "The shape of the Milky Way Galaxy is unique, and all other galaxies in the Universe are shaped differently." Student 4: "All of the galaxies in the Universe are shaped like the Milky Way Galaxy." Which student's claim best compares the Milky Way Galaxy to other galaxies in the Universe?

• Student 1: Other galaxies in the Universe are shaped like the Milky Way Galaxy, but these are all much smaller than it.

• Student 2: Many of the galaxies in the Universe are shaped like the Milky Way Galaxy, but many are not.

• Student 3: The shape of the Milky Way Galaxy is unique, and all other galaxies in the Universe are shaped differently.

• Student 4: All of the galaxies in the Universe are shaped like the Milky Way Galaxy.

The Milky Way galaxy is shown with labels 1-4. Which label best models the location of Earth and the solar system in the Milky Way galaxy?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

A student takes the following photo of something moving in the night sky. After identifying the celestial body, she conducts some research. She records the following information about the observed celestial body. - cosmic snowball - orbits the Sun - made of frozen gases, rock, and dust - dust and gases form a tail that stretches away from the Sun Based on the photograph and research, what celestial body did the student most likely observe?

• an asteroid

• a comet

• a meteor

• a meteoroid

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Which drawing BEST shows the orbit of the Moon?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

The table below describes different celestial bodies. Which of the following is most likely described by the letter R?

• an asteroid

• a comet

• a meteoroid

• a moon

The Little Dipper is a group of stars called a constellation. During the night, the Little Dipper appears to change positions in the sky. Which statement best explains why the Little Dipper appears to change positions during one evening?

• Earth rotates on its axis.

• Earth revolves around the Sun.

• The stars in the Little Dipper revolve around the Sun.

• The stars in the Little Dipper revolve around the Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1