P1. No students of George Watson's College live in Peru.

P2. Ellie is a student of George Watson's College.

C. Ellie does not live in Peru.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is DEDUCTIVELY VALID because IF the premises are true, the conclusion is CERTAIN.

P1. James hasn't lied to me in the past.

C. He isn't lying to me now.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is INDUCTIVE because the premises, if true, only make the conclusion PROBABLE.

THIS IS STRONG because we can be MORE CONFIDENT that the conclusion is true if the premise is true.

P1. Only people called Neil tell lies.

P2. My best friend is called Neil.

C. My best friend tells lies.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is DEDUCTIVELY VALID because IF the premises are true, the conclusion is CERTAIN.

P1. Young people are better with technology these days.

C. Your Dad won't be able to help you fix your phone.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is INDUCTIVE because the premises, if true, only make the conclusion PROBABLE.

This is WEAK because we can be LESS CONFIDENT that the conclusion is true even if we accept the premise.

P1. You went to the toilet during the last two classes and missed some important work.

C. You will miss important work if you go to the toilet today during class.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is INDUCTIVE because the premises, if true, only make the conclusion PROBABLE.

THIS IS WEAK because we can be LESS CONFIDENT that the conclusion is true if the premise is true.

P1. No person born before the year 2000 uses Snapchat.

P2. Miss Napoleon was born before the year 2000.

C. Miss Napoleon does not use Snapchat.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is DEDUCTIVELY VALID because IF the premises are true, the conclusion is CERTAIN.

P1. The boys I've met have all hated football.

C. Boys hate football.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is INDUCTIVE because the premises, if true, only make the conclusion PROBABLE.

THIS Is WEAK because we can be LESS CONFIDENT that the conclusion is true if the premise is true.

P1. Cal has had only tabby cats.

P2. Cal is adopting a new cat.

C. Cal's new cat will be a tabby cat.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is INDUCTIVE because the premises, if true, only make the conclusion PROBABLE.

THIS IS WEAK because we can be LESS CONFIDENT that the conclusion is true if the premise is true.

P1. All sunflowers have yellow petals.

P2. This flower has yellow petals.

C. This flower is a sunflower.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is DEDUCTIVE because it is trying to show that the conclusion is CERTAIN.

It is INVALID because even if we accept the premises, we do not need to accept the conclusion.

P1. Most Greeks eat olives.

P2. Socrates is a Greek.

C. Socrates eats olives.

• INDUCTIVE - STRONG

• INDUCTIVE - WEAK

• DEDUCTIVE - VALID

• DEDUCTIVE - INVALID

Answer explanation

This is INDUCTIVE because the premises, if true, only make the conclusion PROBABLE.

THIS IS STRONG because we can be MORE CONFIDENT that the conclusion is true if the premise is true.