Unit 3 Review

Match the following

• Vicente Guerrero

• A deputy commander who took over an expedition after the conquistador leading them, died – he successfully returned to Spanish territory with most of his men

• Francisco Vazquez de Coronado

• A former royalist commander who would join forces with a revolutionary leader to defeat the Spanish after Ferdinand VII was deposed; attempted to make himself emperor of Mexico

• Father Jose Maria Morelos y Pavon

• A Spanish conquistador whose expedition became the first European explorers to see the Grand Canyon, Llano Estacado and parts of the Texas panhandle

• Luis de Moscoso

• The “commander in chief” of the revolutionary forces during the Mexican War of Independence; later, the second president of the First Mexican Republic

• Augustin de Iturbide

• The priest who assumed leadership after the death of Hidalgo; he convened a congress that issued a declaration of independence, but was later defeated and executed

Match the following

• John Long

• An adventurous Catholic priest who led the first expedition to search for “Cibola” – he would join another expedition, just a year later, as a guide

• Estevanico

• The Catholic friar who established the first mission in Spanish east Texas, San Francisco de los Tejas, which had to be abandoned just three years later due to hostilities with the Tejas peoples

• Hernando de Soto

• This Spanish conquistador’s expedition made landfall in a location close to where the Narvaez expedition had landed in 1527

• Fay Damian Massenet

• An American born filibuster who led two expeditions to Texas– one by land, and the other by sea–attempting to inspire a rebellion against Spanish rule; “accidentally” while awaiting trial in Mexico

• Fray Marcos de Niza

• A survivor of the Narvaez expedition, this enslaved person was sent on the Niza Expedition to serve as an interpreter, before being killed by the Zuni Pueblo

Match the following

• Father Miguel Hidalgo

• Who was the first European explorer to lay eyes on Texas in 1519?

• Ferdinand VII

• The reigning monarch of Spain who was deposed twice– once in 1808 and again in 1820– and lost control over the colony of New Spain

• Alonso Alvarez de Pineda

• A creole priest living in the town of Dolores, who led a revolt that started the Mexican War of Independence in 1810, and was later executed

Analyze this primary source: “This cure gave us control throughout the country… We drew so many followers that we had no use for their services… Frequently we were accompanied by three or four thousand persons, and… had to breath upon and sanctify the food and drink for each.”

Which of the following statements best describes Cabeza de Vaca’s point of view regarding his experiences with the Native Americans in Texas:

• a. The fact that they believed he was a healer was a huge inconvenience because they followed him

• b. The fact that they believed he was a healer was not helpful to him as he was trying to get back to Mexico c

• c. The fact that they believed he was a healer allowed him to move safely through Texas

• d. The fact that they believed he was a healer was something that he did not like

Analyze this primary source: “About eight o’clock in the morning thirty-four Indians arrived… we went to greet and embrace them, our heart overflowing with joy… we served chocolate to them.. This day was most pleasing to us, holding out, as it did, such great prospects of attaining our end and achieving the purpose so much desired.”

Why was Isidro Felix de Espinoza so pleased by the arrival of the Tejas people at the mission Nuestro Padre San Francisco de los Tejas:

• a. He was pleased because they had been lonely during the expedition to East Texas, and he was happy to finally have company

• b. He was pleased because the arrival of the Indians meant that they would have the opportunity to convert them to Catholicism and the Spanish way of life

• c. He was pleased because their arrival meant that they would have help in building the mission

• d. He was pleased because the arrival of the Indians was seen as a sign of good fortune

Why did the Spanish locate their missions along bodies of water, especially rivers?

• a. Because of the frequent drought conditions that develop in all regions of Texas

• b. Because rivers provided the opportunity to travel to other parts of Texas by boat

• c. Because rivers and other bodies of water could be used for irrigation, livestock watering, and human consumption

Which factor(s) contributed to the development of San Antonio de Bexar as one of the most sophisticated settlements in Texas:

• a. The concentration of missions and presidios in the area

• b. Its location along the San Antonio River

• c. Its location along El Camino Real, the royal road

• d. The absence of Native American peoples in the area

• f. Answers A, B, C

Analyze this primary source: “The armies have drained the resources of the country and laid their hand on everything that could sustain human life. [Texas} has advanced at an amazing rate toward ruin and destruction.”

This statement about Texas, made by Antonio Maria Martinez after the Mexican War of Independence, supports the idea that:

• a. The Mexican War of Independence had no effect on the lands and people of Texas

• b. The Mexican War of Independence was made up of battles mostly fought in Texas

• c. The Mexican War of Independence had brought freedom to the lands and people of Texas

• d. The Mexican War of Independence had profound effects on the lands and people of Texas

The expedition of Robert de La Salle had lasting impacts on Texas– even though his colony had failed. These impacts included:

• a. The establishment of the first missions in Spanish East Texas

• b. The abandonment of Spanish missions in East Texas

• c. A Spanish withdrawal from the land known as Texas

• d. A renewed interest in exploration and settlement in Texas

• f. Answers A and D

Francisco Coronado and his men became the first Europeans to see some of the most amazing sights in North America– the Grand Canyon, Palo Duro Canyon, the Llano Estacado– and yet, his expedition was considered a failure because he did not find

• a. Native American peoples to convert

• b. Deposits of oil and natural gas

• c. Gold, silver and other treasure

• d. A route through North America to Asia