Imperial rivalries

Colonial Rivalry: Morocco, 1905 / 1911.

In the __________________ Cordiale, France and Britain agreed that Britain could have freedom to control __________________ and that Britain would help France to take over control of Morocco.

Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany was jealous of the established African empires of France and Britain. He was keen that Germany should also have a “Place in the Sun” too. Britain and France were unwilling to let Germany get more powerful.

1905 – The First Moroccan Crisis (Tangiers / Algeciras)

· Rebels in Morocco kidnapped an American and his English stepson.

· France used this as an excuse to argue that the country should become a French __________________.

 

Wilhelm II, the Emperor of Germany, made a significant visit to the city of _____ in the year 1905. During his visit, Wilhelm II promised the Sultan of Morocco, Abdul-Aziz, his support and protection, further escalating tensions among the European powers.

Britain then called a conference at _____, and backed up France. Germany was humiliated

What were the outcomes of the First Moroccan Crisis (1905)?

• Germany was promised some territories in Sothern Africa

• Germany had to withdraw its claims in Morocco

• Franco-German agreement of 1909 that proclaimed Morocco sovereign territory

• Economic agreement over the mines between France and Germany

• Britain promised to support France in case of war with Germany

1911 – The Second Moroccan Crisis.

In the Second Moroccan Crisis, also known as the ________ Crisis, tensions arose among the major European powers in the early 20th century.

Rebels in Morocco started causing trouble again.

· France persuaded the __________________ to “invite” French troops in to restore order.

Then a German gunboat named ________ was sent to the Moroccan port of Agadir. This move by Germany was seen as a direct challenge to the French, who had interests in Morocco, and it caused a significant diplomatic crisis.

What were the consequences of the Second Moroccan crisis (1911)

• France was granted a protectorate over Morocco

• Germany withdrew its gunboat peacefully

• Germany received few strips of land in Congo as a payoff for acknowledging the rights of France over Morocco

• Anglo-French relations became stronger. This led to Anglo-French Naval Agreement of 1912.

• Kaiser Wilhelm was convinced that Germany would have never back down in case of any other international crisis

What is the message of the source?

From what country?

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The example of Anglo-French colonial rivalry is

• Mahdi rebellion 1882-1898

• Boxer rebellion 1900

• Fashoda crisis of 1898

• Boer Telegram/ Krueger's telegram 1896

The example of Anglo-German imperial rivalry is

• Mahdi rebellion 1882-1898

• Boxer rebellion 1900

• Fashoda crisis of 1898

• Boer Telegram/ Krueger's telegram 1896