Circadian Clock and Gene Expression

Which transcription factor dimerizes with CLOCK in the mammalian circadian clock?

• BMAL1

• PER

• CRY

• Rev-erb

What happens when PER and CRY proteins interact with the CLOCK/BMAL1 dimer?

• They promote transcription of per and cry genes

• They inhibit transcription of per and cry genes

• They degrade CLOCK and BMAL1 proteins

• They stop the production of new transcripts for PER and CRY

Which transcription factors control Bmal1 transcription?

• ROR alpha, beta, and gamma

• PER and CRY

• Rev-erb alpha and beta

• CLOCK and BMAL1

What are the other genes that have clock-dependent expression called?

• Transcription factors

• Response elements

• Clock-controlled genes

• Enhancer boxes

Which gene is an example of a clock-controlled gene critical for cellular metabolism?

• CLOCK

• BMAL1

• Nampt

• Rev-erb

What happens to NAMPT expression when the circadian clock is disrupted?

• It increases

• It becomes arrhythmic

• It stops oscillating

• It decreases

In which tissues has the decrease and arrhythmic expression of NAMPT been observed in circadian clock mutant models?

• Liver

• Brain

• Muscle

• All of the above

What percentage of genes in a given tissue are estimated to be clock controlled in mammals?

• 10%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

What is the effect of light on the mammalian circadian clock?

• It resets the clock

• It has no effect on the clock

• It slows down the clock

• It speeds up the clock

What is the role of PER proteins in the mammalian circadian clock?

• They act as transcription factors

• They inhibit the activity of CLOCK and BMAL1 proteins

• They enhance the activity of CLOCK and BMAL1 proteins

• They have no significant role