Chapter 5

Which of the following transpired when the British attacked New York in late August 1776?

• Washington ambushed and routed them.

• Washington met them with a larger, more experienced force.

• Washington learned the superiority of the militia to regular troops.

• The American army was fortunate to make a narrow escape overnight.

To which of the following options was the United States forced to resort in order to pay the costs of the Revolution?

• the sale of land to several foreign countries

• requisitions from the states

• contributions from patriotic citizens

• new issues of paper money

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Tories (or Loyalists) during the Revolutionary War?

• They defined themselves by their desire to reject the monarchy but preserve Parliament.

• They largely outnumbered the Patriots because of the widespread certainty that Britain would win.

• Like the Patriots, they were eager to commit acts of treason in the name of their cause.

• They were found in all ranks of society and included roles as varied as governors and farmers.

Which of the following statements about Thomas Paine's The American Crisis is accurate?

• It stated the impossibility of beating the British.

• It urged Congress to make Washington a temporary dictator.

• It bolstered American morale.

• It supplied Washington with battle plans.

Which city did the British capture and occupy early in the American Revolution, making it the headquarters of both the Royal Navy and the British army?

• Atlanta

• Williamsburg

• Philadelphia

• New York City

Which of the following is true of the state militia troops that made up the initial American military force and later came to augment the Continental Army?

• They generally refused to ambush the British or to engage in any hand-to-hand combat.

• They were largely civilians who often decided for themselves when to join and when to leave the fighting.

• They were the most seasoned troops of the war because of their past experience fighting Indians.

• They were extremely well-organized units, even during the first battles, because the stakes were so high.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes a challenge faced by Washington in creating an effective army?

• Colonists who fought in the French and Indian War refused to fight again.

• The soldiers, both militiamen and new recruits, lacked training and discipline.

• Recent immigrants were banned from serving in the army by the Continental Congress.

• Most colonists were more interested in fighting the Indians than the British.

In late December 1776, George Washington was able to reverse American fortunes by

• recapturing New York City from the British.

• giving his troops permission to rest up and "hibernate" for the winter.

• destroying a British force outside Boston.

• winning battles at Trenton and Princeton.

Why did the British shift their strategic focus to their military effort in the South?

• They wanted to protect their settlements in Florida and the Caribbean from the Patriots.

• They urgently needed to escape the frigid conditions of Canada.

• They sought to destroy rebel plantations that allowed enslaved African Americans to go free.

• They believed that Loyalists were more numerous in the South.

Which of the following was a result of the Battle of Saratoga?

• serious peace negotiations with the British

• a huge increase in the size of the Continental Army

• France's entry on the American side

• the greatest loss the Americans had ever suffered