8: Quasi-Experimental Design

What is the characteristic of a One-Group Posttest Only Design?

• The dependent variable is measured once before the treatment is implemented and once after it is implemented.

• The dependent variable is measured once after the treatment is implemented.

• The independent variable is manipulated and then the dependent variable is measured once after the treatment is implemented.

• The independent variable is manipulated and then the dependent variable is measured once before the treatment is implemented and once after it is implemented.

What is the characteristic of a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design?

• The dependent variable is measured once before the treatment is implemented and once after it is implemented.

• The dependent variable is measured once after the treatment is implemented.

• The independent variable is manipulated and then the dependent variable is measured once after the treatment is implemented.

• The independent variable is manipulated and then the dependent variable is measured once before the treatment is implemented and once after it is implemented.

What is the term for events outside of the pretest-posttest research design that might have influenced many or all of the participants between the pretest and posttest?

• Maturation

• Testing

• History

• Instrumentation

What is the term for participants changing between the pretest and the posttest in a way that they were going to anyway because they are growing and learning?

• Maturation

• Testing

• History

• Instrumentation

What is the term for a threat to internal validity that occurs when the measurement of the dependent variable during the pretest affects participants' responses at posttest?

• Maturation

• Testing

• History

• Instrumentation

What is the term for a potential threat to internal validity when the basic characteristics of the measuring instrument change over the course of the study?

• Maturation

• Testing

• History

• Instrumentation

What is the statistical fact that an individual who scores extremely high or extremely low on a variable on one occasion will tend to score less extremely on the next occasion?

• Regression to the Mean

• Spontaneous Remission

• Interrupted Time-Series Design

• Nonequivalent Group Design

What is the tendency for many medical and psychological problems to improve over time without any form of treatment?

• Regression to the Mean

• Spontaneous Remission

• Interrupted Time-Series Design

• Nonequivalent Group Design

What is a between-subjects design in which participants have not been randomly assigned to conditions?

• Posttest Only Nonequivalent Groups Design

• Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Groups Design

• Interrupted Time-Series Design with Nonequivalent Groups

• Nonequivalent Group Design

What is a design where there is a treatment group that is given a pretest, receives a treatment, and then is given a posttest, while at the same time there is a nonequivalent control group that is given a pretest, does not receive the treatment, and then is given a posttest?

• Posttest Only Nonequivalent Groups Design

• Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Groups Design

• Interrupted Time-Series Design with Nonequivalent Groups

• Nonequivalent Group Design