Benchmark Practice Exam

The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed that government decisions should be based on

• fundamental religious beliefs

• traditional values

• the concept of divine right of kings

• laws of nature and reason

Judaism, Islam, and Christianity share a belief in

• monotheism and ethical conduct

• reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths

• The central authority of the Pope

• a prohibition on the consumption of pork

In English history, the Magna Carta (1215), the Petition of Right (1628) and the English Bill of Rights (1689) all reinforced the concept of

• limited monarchy

• religious toleration

• a laissez faire economy

• universal suffrage

Important long-term contributions of ancient Greek and Roman civilizations are primarily found in the area of

• government and law

• military technology

• economic policy and planning

• religious doctrine

As a result of the Glorious Revolution and English Bill of Rights of 1689 the government in Great Britain gradually became a

• constitutional monarchy

• direct democracy

• theocracy

• socialist republic

"Kings are God's lieutenants on earth" Which type of government is best characterized by this quotation?

• constitutional monarchy

• rule by divine right

• direct democracy

• republic

The division of the United State's government into executive, judicial and legislative branches reflects the principle of

• federalism

• popular sovereignty

• individual rights

• separation of powers

During which period in European history would the ideas in the statements below have been expressed

"Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains."

"Everyone has the natural right to life, liberty, and property."

"Slavery, torture, and religious persecution are wrong."

• Age of imperialism

• Enlightenment

• Age of Exploration

• Pax Romana

The idea of the three branches of government and the separation of powers was proposed by which Enlightenment philosopher?

• Mary Wollstonecraft

• Jean Jacques Rousseau

• Montesquieu

• John Locke

The MAIN purpose of the Congress of Vienna (1815) was to

• promote the ideas of the French Revolution

• return Europe to the conditions that existed before the French Revolution

• establish strategies needed to rebuild Turkey's economy

• create a European Court of Justice