Organization Theory Chapter 4 HR

Which of the following options is NOT one of the basic assumptions of the HR framework according to the textbook?

• a. Organizations should satisfy human needs.

• b. The needs of organizations and people must be consistent.

• c. Man is a complex biological and (social) psychological being.

• d. All people are unique.

According to the textbook, there are several circumstances that may explain the emergence of the HR framework. Which of the following options, according to the textbook, is one of HR's historical roots?

• a. Increased requirements for internal efficiency.

• b. Technological development.

• c. Increased requirements for external efficiency.

• d. Need for a more functional division of labour.

What is the main purpose of satisfying the hygiene factors for employees, according to Hertzberg (in the textbook's HR framework)?

• a. To achieve a delegated leadership style.

• b. To show appreciation.

• c. To eliminate discontent.

• d. To create commitment and responsibility.

Which of the following options is NOT a motivator according to Hertzberg's model?

• a. Leadership style.

• b. Responsibility.

• c. Personal development.

• d. Attention.

Which of the following options is NOT a motivator according to Hertzberg's model?

• a. Morality and creativity.

• b. Responsibility.

• c. Personal development.

• d. Attention.

If a workplace has few complaints but it is still difficult to get employees to engage and really make an effort, what measures should be taken to increase engagement according to Herzberg's model?

• a. Raise compensation and improve benefits.

• b. Develop the design of the physical working environment.

• c. Design clearer structure for division of labour.

• d. Restructure the business so that the tasks become more interesting in themselves.

You've got a meeting with your boss. With which of the following options, can s/he increase your external commitment according to Argyris (1998) and the textbook's HR framework?

• a. The manager develops the sales targets that s/he set up last year and announces that you will get a hefty pay increase if your sales figures exceed the targets by far.

• b. The manager gives you both positive and negative feedback on specific aspects of your work.

• c. The manager asks what goals you want you to set.

• d. The manager lets you choose when and how often you want talk with her/him about your professional development.

According to Argyris & Schön (in the textbook's HR framework), leaders often say one thing and do another. That is, there is a difference between espoused theories and theories-in-use. Why, does this difference exist?

• a. Leaders don't want to give their employees full information.

• b. Leaders always tend to describe their actions in positive terms.

• c. Leaders want to consciously inspire and encourage their employees by communicating positive images.

• d. Leaders can never be fully aware of their theories-in-use and actions.

In the textbook's HR framework, two basic types of communication are described; model 1 and 2 (Argyris et al. 1985, Argyris & Schön 1996). Model 2 is described as the ideal way to communicate. Which of the following options describes model 2?

• a. Do a proper analysis of what should be discussed and stick to the facts.

• b. If the other doesn't understand the problem, ask what exactly it is that it doesn't understand.

• c. Combine claims with investigative questions - inquire.

• d. Use facts, logic, criticism or whatever to explain the problem.

Hackman and Oldham's 'Job Characteristic Model' (in the HR framework) describes what the ideal workplace should look like. Which of the following options is NOT one of the three pillars described by the model.

• a. Assumptions about employee character.

• b. Core job characteristics.

• c. Critical psychological states.

• d. Personal and work-related outcomes.