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Exam 2 Study Guide

Authored by Sebastian Torres

Science

University

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Exam 2 Study Guide
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57 questions

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1.

OPEN ENDED QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

What are living things made of?

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Answer explanation

Living things are primarily made up of cells. Cells are the basic building blocks of life, which come together to form tissues, organs, and ultimately, organisms. This is a fundamental concept in biology. Therefore, the answer to the question 'What are living things made of?' is 'Cells'.

2.

OPEN ENDED QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

What is the smallest unit of an element?

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Answer explanation

The smallest unit of an element is an atom. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and define the properties of an element. They consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons, which determine the element's chemical behavior and characteristics.

3.

OPEN ENDED QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

What are the four types of macromolecules?

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Answer explanation

The four types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These are large, complex molecules that play critical roles in the body. Carbohydrates provide energy, lipids store energy and make up cell membranes, proteins perform a variety of functions including acting as enzymes, and nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.

4.

OPEN ENDED QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

What purpose do carbohydrates serve in the body?

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Answer explanation

Carbohydrates serve as the primary source of energy for the body. They are broken down into glucose, which is used by cells for various functions, including fueling physical activity and maintaining brain function. Additionally, carbohydrates play a role in the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs.

5.

OPEN ENDED QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

What differentiates a monosaccharide from a disaccharide and a polysaccharide?

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Answer explanation

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides are differentiated by the number of sugar units they contain. Monosaccharides have one sugar unit, disaccharides have two, and polysaccharides have many. The number of sugar units affects their structure, function, and how they are digested in the body.

6.

OPEN ENDED QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

What are the three major groups of lipids and what is an example of how each is used in the body?

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Answer explanation

The three major groups of lipids are triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols. Triglycerides are used for energy storage and insulation. Phospholipids form the cell membrane, providing a barrier and enabling cellular function. Sterols, like cholesterol, are used to make hormones and vitamin D, and also play a role in digestion by helping to produce bile.

7.

OPEN ENDED QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

What are three functions proteins serve?

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Answer explanation

Proteins serve several functions in the body. Three of these functions include: 1. Structural support: Proteins like collagen help provide structure to our body's tissues. 2. Enzymes: Proteins speed up chemical reactions in the body. 3. Transport: Proteins like hemoglobin carry substances within the blood. These are just a few examples of the many roles proteins play in our bodies.

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