3.2 Coagulation and Flocculation

What is the purpose of flash mixing in the coagulation process?

• To create a rapid mixing zone for coagulant addition

• To remove dissolved gases from water

• To adjust pH levels

• To increase water temperature

Which of the following is a common type of mixer used in the coagulation process?

• Blender

• Propeller mixer

• Food processor

• Toaster

What is a common method for monitoring the quality of water after coagulation and flocculation?

• Visual observations

• Listening to the water

• Smelling the water

• Tasting the water

Jar tests are conducted to:

• Assess water temperature

• Determine coagulant dosage and effectiveness

• Measure dissolved oxygen levels

• Analyze pH levels

What is the most common technique for measuring the turbidity of water during a jar test?

• Titration

• Gravimetric analysis

• Nephelometry

• Conductivity measurement

Which factor can influence the choice of coagulant in water treatment?

• The weather

• The water source

• The time of day

• The type of plumbing used

What does the zeta potential represent in the context of coagulation and flocculation?

• The water's temperature

• The magnitude of coagulant charge

• The speed of sedimentation

• The degree of particle stability

What is electrostatic repulsion in coagulation?

• The force that pushes particles apart due to similar charges

• The force that attracts particles due to opposite charges

• The force that pushes particles together due to similar charges

• The force that repels coagulants from water

What is the primary mechanism behind particle destabilization during coagulation?

• Electrostatic repulsion

• Van der Waals forces

• Hydrogen bonding

• Ionic bonding

What is the primary purpose of the coordination sphere formed around a coagulant ion?

• Increase coagulant stability

• Enhance coagulant solubility

• Neutralize particle charges

• Facilitate particle attachment