What is the process of moving VT into and out of the lungs called?

• Respiration

• Ventilation

• Gas exchange

• Hyperventilation

What is the volume of air entering the lung each minute called?

• Alveolar ventilation

• Dead-space ventilation

• Minute ventilation

• Partial pressure

How can hyperventilation or hypoventilation be determined?

• By reviewing the arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2)

• By measuring the partial pressure of gases

• By calculating the alveolar ventilation

• By analyzing the respiratory distress

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Why does alveolar ventilation affect arterial PCO2?

• Because it increases the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2)

• Because it decreases the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2)

• Because it increases the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2)

• Because it decreases the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2)

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

What is the ratio of dead space to tidal volume called?

• Alveolar ventilation

• Physiological dead space

• Anatomical dead space

• Dead space-to-tidal volume ratio

What is the normal value of anatomical dead space?

• 100 mL

• 150 mL

• 200 mL

• 250 mL

What is the volume in nonperfused alveoli called?

• Anatomical dead space

• Alveolar dead space

• Physiological dead space

• Ventilatory pattern

What is the equation for calculating physiological dead space?

• VCO2 = VA × FACO2

• VD = VDanat + VDA

• VD/VT = (PaCO2 – PECO2) / PaCO2

• VA = VE - VD

What happens to dead space if a patient is mechanically ventilated through a tracheostomy tube?

• Placing a tracheostomy tube in the trachea below the larynx increases the anatomical dead space.

• The anatomical dead space is decreased because the tracheostomy tube bypasses all upper airways.

• For a given tidal volume, the alveoli would receive less ventilation than if the patient breathed normally through the upper airways.

• The anatomical dead space is unchanged.

Which breathing pattern is a common signal of respiratory distress and possible ventilatory failure?

• Rapid, shallow breathing

• Tachypnea

• Bradypnea

• Dyspnea