PSYC-1: Exam #2 Review

What is insight learning?

• Developing associations through paired stimuli

• Seeing other things, people and/or animals based on multiple factors, such as movement, facial expressions, or behaviors

• Sudden realization of experiences due to piecing together information

• Negative Reinforcement

The reinforcement of a response by the addition or experience of a pleasurable stimulus is called _____.

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive punishment

• Negative reinforcement

A child that you are babysitting is throwing a temper tantrum and so you decide to ignore the child until they stop. The child eventually stops throwing a temper tantrum. This is an example of what?

• Stimulus generalization

• Discriminative stimulus

• Extinction

• Spontaneous recovery

The reinforcement a person gets from a slot machine, in terms of money, that encourages continued gambling is referred to as _____.

• 1. Fixed interval schedule of reinforcement

• 1. Variable interval schedule of reinforcement

• Fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement

• Variable ratio schedule of reinforcement

In the experiment by B.F. Skinner where he taught a rat to press a button for food, he used small steps to eventually lead the rat to press the button. What is this called?

• 1. Shaping

• 1. Successive approximation

• 1. Instinctive drift

• 1. None of the above

What are the four elements of observational learning?

• 1. Attention

• 1. Memory

• 1. Imitation

• 1. Desire

• 1. All of the above

Which of these statements is true about classical conditioning?

• 1. CS must come before UCS

• 1. CS and UCS must come very close together in time, ideally, only several seconds apart

• 1. Neutral stimulus must be paired with the UCS several times, often many times, before conditioning can take place

• 1. All of the above

Which of the following statements is false?

• 1. Memory is a process and has a place in the brain.

• 1. Short term memory is susceptible to interference.

• 1. Long term memory includes elaborative rehearsal.

• 1. Sensory memory is the second stage of memory.

True or False: Memory is not an active system?

• 1. True

• 1. False

Which of the following is NOT a process of memory?

• 1. Encoding

• 1. Storage

• 1. Shaping

• 1. Retrieval