Y2 W3 LO13

1. How does the rate of regeneration in the PNS compare to that in the CNS?

• Slightly quicker in the CNS
• Slightly quicker in the PNS
• Far quicker in the PNS
• Far quicker in the CNS
• Rate is equal in both

2. Which form of cell death mostly likely occurs in the degeneration phase of nerve cell injury?

• Autolysis
• Necrosis
• Apoptosis

3. Which of the following does NOT occur at the start of Wallerian degeneration following a nerve injury?

• Distal stump begins to swell
• Axon begins to disintegrate & undergoes apoptosis
• Schwann cells stop myelin destruction and surround axons
• Axons shrink
• Macrophages enter the site and clear debris

4. Which cells "clear the debris" following the injury in the PNS?

• Macrophages and Schwann cells
• Macrophages and dendritic cells
• Microglial cells and Schwann cells
• Satellite cells and microglial cells
• Dendritic cells and macrophages

5. What is the name of the structure that forms at one end of the injured axon in an attempt to heal it?

• Growth cone
• Proximal stump
• Distal stump
• Wallerian's appendage
• Interfascicular epineurium

6. Which statement correctly describes the role of the growth cone in the PNS?

• It sends buds into the Schwann cell network from the proximal stump, then grows into the distal stump
• It sends buds into the Schwann cell network from the distal stump, then grows into the proximal stump
• It sends buds into the Oligodendrocyte network from the proximal stump, then grows into the distal stump
• It sends buds into the Oligodendrocyte network from the distal stump, then grows into the proximal stump

7. What promotes regeneration in axons after injury?

• Tropic factors released by glial cells
• Growth factors released by Schwann cells
• EGFR receptors on the cell bodies of injured cells
• Transcription factors in the nuclei of Schwann cells

8. Which cells form the "regeneration tube" (Bungner bands) across the injured area of the peripheral nerve?

• Schwann cells
• Satellite cells
• Growth gactors
• Microglia
• Ependymal cells

9. The regeneration phase is driven by factors such as Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). Which sentence best describes them?

• They are produced in the nerve's cell body and elicit a trophic effect on the growth cone from the distal stump
• They are produced in the nerve's target organ and bind to receptors on the growth cone
• They are produced in the nerve's target organ and elicit a trophic effect on the neuron by binding to its cell body
• They are delivered to the neuron's soma and elicit a tropic effect on the growth cone