Chapter 4 Environmental Science Exam

The variety of Earth’s species

• Biodiversity
• Ecological diversity
• Genetic diversity
• Species diversity

Large geographic region characterized by a distinct climate and mix of species

• environment
• biome
• ecosystem
• habitat

A species that naturally lives and thrives in a particular ecosystem

• invasive species
• native species
• alien species
• endangered species

The place or type of ecosystem in which a species lives and obtains what it needs to survive

• habitat
• environment
• territory
• habitation

Method used to alter an organism’s genetic material by adding, deleting, or changing segments of its DNA

• genetic modification
• genetic engineering
• DNA manipulation
• gene splicing

Stating that biodiversity ensures ecosystems against a decline in their functioning because many species provide greater guarantees of functioning even if others fail is what?

• Biodiversity insurance theory
• Insurance hypothesis

• Ecosystem resilience principle
• Species protection hypothesis

What is variety of species present in a specific ecosystem and their abundance within that ecosystem.

• species diversity
• ecosystem diversity
• population diversity
• biodiversity

What is ecological niche?

• The ecological niche is the total number of individuals in a species.
• The ecological niche is the process of natural selection.
• The ecological niche is the physical location where a species lives.
• The ecological niche is the role and position of a species within its environment.

What are species that preserves an ecosystem by controlling the populations of prey animals which could otherwise consume enough plant matter to devastate the ecosystem?

• keystone species

• specialist species

• omnivore
• herbivore

Formation of a new species from a branch of an existing species through reproductive isolation is what?

• extinction
• mutation
• hybridization
• speciation