Local Anesthesia in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

What is the maximum recommended dosage for articaine?

• 0.5 mg/kg body weight

• 0.8 mg/kg body weight

• 1.0 mg/kg body weight

• 1.5 mg/kg body weight

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of articaine?

• Idiopathic methemoglobinuria

• Hypoxia

• Cardio-respiratory failures

• All of the above

What is the importance of vasoconstrictors in local anesthetic solution?

• To increase tissue perfusion

• To decrease the absorption of local anesthetics into the circulatory system

• To decrease the duration of action of the local anesthetic

• To increase the risk of toxicity

Which of the following is a commonly used vasoconstrictor?

• Epinephrine

• Norepinephrine

• Levonordefrin hydrochloride

• All of the above

What is the dilution of a vasoconstrictor with a concentration of 1:100,000?

• 1 mg/ml

• 0.4 mg/ml

• 0.01 mg/ml

• 0.05 mg/ml

What is the recommended dose of phentolamine for reversal of local anesthesia?

• 0.2 mg

• 0.4 mg

• 0.6 mg

• 0.8 mg

Which type of local anesthesia is preferred for patients with circulatory disorders?

• Local infiltration

• Field block

• Nerve block

• Plain local anesthetic without epinephrine

What is the purpose of topical local anesthetic agents?

• To decrease the duration of anesthesia

• To provide surface anesthesia of the oral mucosa

• To increase the absorption of local anesthetics

• To reverse the toxicity of local anesthesia

Which nerve block is used to anesthetize the whole of the mandibular soft and hard tissues?

• Inferior alveolar nerve block

• Lingual nerve block

• Long buccal nerve block

• Nasopalatine nerve block

What areas are anesthetized by the inferior alveolar nerve block?

• Mandibular teeth and surrounding bone

• Buccal gingiva in relation to mandibular anterior and premolar teeth

• Lower lip on the same half up to the midline

• All of the above