BIO 181 Exam 2 Review

Which of the following accurately describe prokaryotic cells?

• Small and Simple

• Has Membrane-Bound Organelles

• Cell Division by Mitosis

• Can be Unicellular or Multicellular

Match the following organelle definitions:

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Place where DNA is stored (eukaryotic)

• Nucleus

• The site of protein synthesis

• A bilayer that surrounds the cytoplasm

• Cell Membrane

• Ribosomes

• Place where DNA is stored (prokaryotic)

• Nucleoid

• Studded with ribosomes

What are vesicles?

• Contain digestive enzymes that break down biomolecules

• Used to break down peroxide, a toxic byproduct of other processes

• Membrane-enclosed sacs that store and transport substances

• The site of transcription from DNA to mRNA

What is a biofilm?

• A movie made about biology

• Buildup of bacteria to form a mass (plaque on teeth, kombucha)

• The membrane that surrounds and protects eukaryotic cells

• An organelle in prokaryotic cells that is the site of protein synthesis

Match the following types of cell signaling:

• Signals target adjacent (touching) cells

• Juxtacrine

• Cell secretes signals that affect itself

• Autocrine

• Target cells in vicinity of emitting

• Intracrine

• Signals target distant cells

• Endocrine

• Signals produced/stay in target cell

• Paracrine

Where can cell receptors be found?

• On the surface of the cell

• In the bloodstream

• In the cell's cytoplasm

• In the saliva

The (a)   is an organism's genetic information, while the ​ (b)   is the set of observable physical traits.

• genotype
• phenotype

Match the following:

• Forms of a gene present on chromosomes

• Trait

• A characteristic of an individual

• Gene

• DNA segment that codes for a protein

• Allele

What is the complementary DNA strand. Indicate 5' and 3' ends: 5' AGGCTCCAG 3'

• 5' TCCGAGGTC 3'

• 5' UGGCTCCUG 3'

• 3' TCCGAGGTC 5'

• 3' UGGCTCCUG 5'

What is the process of cell division in prokaryotic cells?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Budding

• Binary Fission