B2.2 Cell Organelles and Compartmentalization (HL)

Which of the following is not considered an organelle?

• Cell wall

• Golgi apparatus

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Nucleus

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is the primary function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

• Regulate gene expression

• Protein synthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Cellular waste management

What is the significance of the plasma membrane in a eukaryotic cell?

• Regulates passage of substances in and out of the cell

• Provides structural support to the cell

• Stores genetic material

• Facilitates protein synthesis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

How did the development of ultracentrifuges and cell fractionation techniques contribute to our understanding of organelles?

• Allowed isolation and study of individual organelles

• Enabled visualization of organelles under a microscope

• Discovered the existence of new organelles

• Improved the efficiency of organelle synthesis

Define ultracentrifugation.

Answer explanation

A high-speed centrifugation technique that separates cellular components based on their size and density.

What is the advantage of separating the nucleus and cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells?

• Regulation of gene expression

• Increased protein synthesis

• Enhanced cellular respiration

• Improved waste management

Why is post-transcriptional modification of RNA not possible in prokaryotic cells?

• Lack of nuclear membrane

• Absence of ribosomes

• Inability to synthesize RNA

• Insufficient energy supply

How does the separation of gene transcription and translation in eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?

• Eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane

• Prokaryotes have a larger nucleus

• Eukaryotes have more ribosomes

• Prokaryotes have a more complex genetic code

Transcription takes place in the ..................................., translation takes place in the ....................................

What would be the consequences if mRNA immediately met ribosomes in eukaryotic cells, similar to prokaryotic cells?

• Less precise control over gene expression

• Increased efficiency of protein synthesis

• Enhanced cellular respiration

• Improved waste management