ATMOSPHERE end of unit test (RETAKE)

What is ozone?

• Ozone is a molecule made of a single oxygen atom.

• Ozone is a molecule made of two oxygen atoms.

• Ozone is a molecule made of three oxygen atoms.

• Ozone is a molecule made of two oxygen atoms and one carbon atom.

In which layer of the atmosphere is ozone found?

• Stratosphere

• Mesosphere

• Thermosphere

• Exosphere

• Troposphere

Why do we care about atmospheric ozone?

• The ozone layer absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

• The ozone layer allows the transfer of ultraviolet radiation from the sun to warm Earth’s surface.

• The ozone layer causes heat to rise and fall through the process of convection.

• The ozone layer is where weather occurs.

What emissions from human activities lead to ozone depletion?

• Exhaling carbon dioxide when running fast.

• Using manufactured chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) found in spray cans and refrigerators.

• Emitting methane from landfills, oil and natural gas systems, agricultural activities, and certain industrial processes.

The effects of the depleting ozone layer on plants, marine life, amphibians and humans are listed below – Match the correct organisms to the effects.

• AMPHIBIANS

• • - UV light can kill phytoplankton disrupting the food chain.

  • - Reduction in phytoplankton causes an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

• MARINE LIFE

• • - Increased UV light contributes to the decline in salamanders and toads.

  • - Increased UV light reduces the survival of eggs.

• HUMANS

• • - UV light damages DNA.

  • - UV light makes the body more susceptible to skin cancer.

• PLANTS

• • - UV light interferes with photosynthesis.

  • - Reduced crop yields.

As modeled in the diagram shown, the process of warming Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere is called the greenhouse effect.

Select the correct term to complete the steps in the process of the Greenhouse Effect:

1.

​ (a)  

enters the atmosphere as high-energy wavelengths of light that warm Earth’s surface.

2. This energy is absorbed and reradiated as

​ (b)  

from Earth’s surface.

3. Some of the energy escapes into space. The rest is absorbed by

​ (c)  

in the troposphere and warms the air.

• solar radiation
• infrared radiation (IR)
• gases

Select the correct term to complete the information on the greenhouse effect and climate change:

Gases that absorb and radiate infrared radiation (IR) from the sun are called ​ (a)  

Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have increased by over 20% in over less than 50 years. This increase is due largely to the carbon dioxide released into the air when ​ (b)   are burned.

Increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will result in an ​ (c)   in global temperatures.

The average temperature at Earth’s surface increased during the twentieth century. This is known as ​ (d)  

The patterns of precipitation, frequency of fires, and extreme weather events are also predicted to change. So, most scientists prefer to use the term global ​ (e)  

• greenhouse gases.
• fossil fuels
• increase
• global warming.
• climate change.

The possible effects (or consequences) of a changing climate include a number of potentially serious environmental problems. Which of the following is NOT an effect of climate change?

• Sea levels rising.

• Melting of ice over land and glaciers.

• Changes in ocean currents, affecting world weather.

• Dying of trees following oil spillage.

Properties of air illustrate how global air circulation affects climate.

Which of the following is NOT a property of the “convection” of air?

• Cold air sinks because it is denser than warm air.

• Warm air rises. It expands and cools as it rises.

• Sunlight heats the ground, which in turn heats the air directly above it.

Clean air consists of nitrogen, oxygen, as well as small amounts of argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. When harmful substances build up in the air to unhealthy levels, the result is air pollution.

Which of the following gases is most abundant in the atmosphere?

• nitrogen

• oxygen

• water vapor

• carbon dioxide