AP psych questions

Raj, a four-year old child, learned to open the door to a classroom by pulling on the handle. Now whenever he approaches any door he pulls on the handle and is confused when that does not work. This is best explained by Raj's having developed which of the following for door opening?

• Accomodation

• Object permanece

• A mental set

• Divergent thinking

A prototype is best defined as

• An example of habituation

• An example of bottom-up processing

• The hypothetical "most typical" instance of a category

A researcher shows the same video of an automobile accident to two different groups of participants. Participants in group one are asked: "Did you see a broken headlight?" Participants in group two are asked: "Did you see the broken headlight?" The researcher finds that participants in group two are much more likely to recall having seen a broken headlight, even though there actually was no broken headlight in the video. The researcher is investigating the effects of which of the following on recall?

• Algorithms

• Heuristics

• framing

• the primary effect

Brad hears a report on the evening news that diets low in carbohydrates are beneficial to one's health. Considering this advice, he begins such a diet. Later he hears another report condemning low-carbohydrate diets as harmful to one's health. Based upon research on belief perseverance, how would Brad respond to this new information?

• Decided to begin a low-calorie diet and increase his physical activity.

• Believe the second news story and discontinue his diet.

• Study low-carbohydrate diets on his own

• Continue to believe in the beneficial effects of low-carbohydrate diets

Creativity is most closely associated with which of the following?

• Divergent thinking

• convergent thinking

• spatial awareness

• interpersonal intelligence

on a fishing trip, ed realizes that he has mistakenly packed a sewing box instead of a tackle box. He wants to fish but returns home b/c he does not have any line or hooks. Eds failure to realize that sewing thread can be used as fishing line and that a bent needle can be used as a hook is an example of

• poor problem representation

• cognition accommodation

• functional fixedness

• confirmation bais

Piper reads about someone described as adventurous and extroverted. She then judges that this person is more likely to be a lawyer who enjoys hiking than a lawyer who does not. The best explanation for Piper's error is that she is basing her judgment on

• the availability heuristic

• the representativeness heuristic

• confirmation bias

Martine needs a hammer but cannot find one. As she looks around her apartment, her gaze passes over a metal paperweight and some other objects that could potentially serve as a makeshift hammer. However, she is so focused on these objects' typical uses that she does not think to use any of them as a hammer. Martine is experiencing which of the following?

• functional fixedness

• blindsight

• repression