Biology Biochemistry Review

A scientist has discovered an unidentified organism. Cell theory states that which of the following must be true about this new living thing?

• It cells come from preexisting cells.

• All its cells have different functions.

• It will not be made up of cells.

• All its cells are considered nonliving.

Many scientists, including Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, contributed to cell theory. Which of the following is NOT one of the basic tenets of cell theory?

• Cells are basic units of organisms.

• All living things are composed of cells.

• Cells can only arise from other cells.

• All cells must eventually die.

What sort of evidence would support at least one of the components of cell theory?

• Rocks and other nonliving things are not composed of cells.

• Cells are observed converting one form of energy into another.

• A microscope is necessary to make observations of nearly all cells.

• The origin of all cells observed can be traced to previous cells.

Between 15,000 and 18,000 new species of organisms are discovered each year. Cell theory states that which of the following must be true about each new kind of organism?

• It must be made up of one or more cells.

• It cells must be able to make their own food.

• All its cells must perform the same function.

• Some of its cells must include a cell wall.

What can be concluded regarding the relationship between temperature and enzyme activity?

• Temperature changes the kind of enzyme required for a reaction.

• Enzymes function best in a small range of temperatures.

• Increasing temperature causes a decrease in enzyme activity.

• Enzymes will catalyze any reaction at any temperature.

Enzymes are biological substances, known as catalytic proteins. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enzymes?

• Enzymes catalyze reactions by lowering the activation energy

• Enzymes can react with any reactant.

• The structure of the enzyme determines the chemical reaction.

• The enzymes bind to the active site of the substrate.

Which graph below correctly represents the effect of an enzyme on the minimum amount of energy needed to start the chemical reaction in which it is involved?

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NGSS.HS-PS1-4

The reactants that enzymes act upon are called substrates. Which of the following is true of enzymes and substrates?

• Activation energy increases with the use of an enzyme.

• Any location on the substrate works as a binding site.

• The shape of an enzyme allows it to bind with specific substrates.

• Enzymes can only be used once per substrate.

Which characteristic explains the similarity between proteins and lipids?

• Contain nitrogen as part of their structure

• Are composed of fatty acid chains

• Are made up of chains of smaller subunits

• Act as enzymes and contain peptide bonds

The table shown here describes the characteristics of a biomolecule. What biomolecule is described by these characteristics?

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

• Nucleic acid

• Lipid