Political Cartoon HAPPY Analysis

What does the "H" stand for in HAPPY?

• History of United States

• Historical Situation/Story

• Harriet Tubman

• Historical Interpretation

What does the "A" stand for in HAPPY?

• Advice

• Articulation

• Abolitionist

• Audience

What does the first "P" stand for in HAPPY?

• Purpose

• Position Statement

• Participation

• Political Opinion

What does the second "P" stand for in HAPPY?

• Position Paper

• Prefecture

• Point of View

• People

What does the "Y" stand for in HAPPY?

• "Where" did the event take place

• "Who" is impacted by this topic

• "Why" this topic is important

• "What" should have been done to prevent the event

Match each HAPPY letter to the correct analysis about the political cartoon titled "The Only One Barred Out (1882).

• Audience

• This political cartoon was published in Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. This was a national newspaper with nearly 65,000 copies in circulation at its height in the late 1890s. The targeted viewers were likely avid readers of the newspaper. Perhaps the creator of the political cartoon also wanted it to be seen by government officials who created the Chinese Exclusion Act.

• Why this is important

• The artist of the political cartoon may have held the opinion that the Chinese Exclusion Act was an undemocratic and racist law. The political cartoon shows a Chinese man sitting on boxes and bags that say things like "industry, order, peace, and sobriety". The artist is communicating that these are positive qualities that Chinese immigrants could bring to the U.S., if only they were allowed to enter through the Gate of Liberty.

• Purpose

• One possible goal for creating this political cartoon would have been to critisize the Chinese Exclusion Act. The political cartoon lists other people who are allowed in to the United States, but not Chinese people. The political cartoon may be communicating hypocrisy of welcoming certain immigrants into the United States, but not others.

• Point of View

• This political cartoon was created in 1882. At this time period in history, the United States was going through Industrializaiton. Many immigrants from other countries (such as China) moved to the U.S. to work in factories, mining, and on the railroads in the Western United States.

• Historical Situation/Story

• Many people in the United States supported the Chinese Exclusion Act when it was passed in 1882. This political cartoon matters to U.S. history because it is evidence that there were other people who disagreed with the discrimminatory law. This political cartoon offered a different position about the Chinese Exclusion Act. In a democracy, it is very important to have multiple points of view represented and discussed regarding issues facing the country.