NB-Chapter 4

Refers to the three traditional social classes or orders in France before the French Revolution

• Estates

• Taille

• Consumer

• Bourgeoisie

a direct tax imposed on the common people in pre-revolutionary France, particularly on peasants and the Third Estate. It was a significant source of revenue for the monarchy.

• Estates

• Taille

• Consumer

• Bourgeoisie

An individual or entity that purchases and uses goods or services to satisfy their needs and wants.

• Estates

• Taille

• Consumer

• Bourgeoisie

Refers to the middle class in society, typically composed of business owners, professionals, and individuals who hold property. It played a significant role in various historical revolutions and social movements.

• Estates

• Taille

• Consumer

• Bourgeoisie

the act of leaving someone or something out or denying them access to a particular group, place, privilege, or opportunity.

• Exclusion

• Sansculottes

• Fancy

• Reverence

a radical and militant group of lower-class revolutionaries who rejected the fashion of wearing knee breeches (culottes) and instead wore long trousers. They were associated with left-wing political movements.

• Exclusion

• Sansculottes

• Fancy

• Reverence

a preference or liking for something or someone, often based on personal taste or whims.

• Exclusion

• Sansculottes

• Fancy

• Reverence

a deep respect and admiration for someone or something, often based on their perceived significance, authority, or virtue.

• Exclusion

• Sansculottes

• Fancy

• Reverence

describes something that is ancient, existing from the earliest times, or relating to the earliest stages of history.

• Primaeval

• Inviolable

• Vanity

• Tyrannies

is sacrosanct and cannot be violated, infringed upon, or harmed in any way.

• Primaeval

• Inviolable

• Vanity

• Tyrannies