One of the models of reading is __________ that is made up of upper and lower strands. When these strands intertwine it results in skilled and accurate, fluent reading with strong comprehension.

• Hennessey's Text Twine

• Scarborough's Reading Rope

• Archer's Comprehension Cord

• Kastner's Story String

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.4

CCSS.RI.7.4

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

__________ refers to a child's familiarity with names, forms, and sounds of the letters of the alphabet as measured by recognition, production, and writing tasks.

• Phonics

• Letter sound relationship

• Alphabetic knowledge

• Early learning skills

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.4

CCSS.RI.7.4

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

All of the following are expectations of kindergarten students except:

• spoken words are represented in written language by spec

• mastering all 44 phonemes

• Words are separated by spaces in prin

• recognizing and naming all upper- and lower- case letters of the alphabet

Tags

CCSS.L.1.5A

CCSS.L.1.5B

CCSS.L.K.5A

A ______ is the individual written letter or group of letters that represents that distinguishable speech sound in a word.

• grapheme

• phoneme

• orthograph

• digraph

Tags

CCSS.L.1.2D

CCSS.RF.2.3E

CCSS.RF.4.3A

CCSS.RF.5.3A

CCSS.RF.K.3A

A grapheme can be made up of just one to or as many as ____ letters.

• two

• three

• four

• five

Tags

CCSS.L.1.2D

CCSS.RF.2.3E

CCSS.RF.4.3A

CCSS.RF.5.3A

CCSS.RF.K.3A

A _____ is a two letter grapheme that represents one phoneme, such as the <sh> and <ck> in shack.

• phoneme

• blend

• digraph

• trigraph

Tags

CCSS.L.1.2D

CCSS.RF.2.3E

CCSS.RF.4.3A

CCSS.RF.5.3A

CCSS.RF.K.3A

The most effective phonics instruction introduces phoneme-grapheme

correspondences and patterns in a ________ manner.

• systematic, cumulative, explicit, and sequential

• systematic, cumulative, explicit, and direct

• direct, spiral, whole group, and orderly

• direct, organized, research-based, and cumulative

Tags

CCSS.L.1.5A

CCSS.L.1.5B

CCSS.L.K.5A

The ability to read nonsense words shows how well a student is applying

• basic phonics skills that have been taught.

• the alphabetic principle.

• memorization skills.

• automaticity.

Tags

CCSS.L.11-12.2B

CCSS.L.6.6

CCSS.L.7.2B

CCSS.L.8.2C

CCSS.L.9-10.1.C

A _____ is a unit of consecutive speech sounds consisting of a vowel phoneme and any consonant phonemes that may proceed or follow that vowel.

• sentence

• word

• grapheme

• syllable

Tags

CCSS.RF.1.3E

CCSS.RF.2.3C

CCSS.RF.3.3C

CCSS.RF.4.3A

CCSS.RF.5.3A

There are _____ syllable-spelling conventions.

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 6

Tags

CCSS.RF.1.3D

CCSS.RF.2.3C

CCSS.RF.3.3C

CCSS.RF.4.3A

CCSS.RF.5.3A