DNA & Protein Synthesis Vocabulary

a 3-letter sequence of DNA or messenger RNA code that stands for one amino acid in a protein

• codon

• amino acid

• RNA

• enzyme

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

a molecule that holds an organism's hereditary information

• DNA

• RNA

• protein

• ribosome

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

the only part of a DNA/RNA nucleotide that changes; it is found along with the 5-carbon sugar and the phosphate group

• enzyme

• amino acid

• protein

• nitrogenous base

the second step of production of proteins where mRNA is coded to produce a specific polypeptide (protein chain)

• translation

• transcription

• replication

• central dogma

the process of copying DNA into RNA

• translation

• transcription

• replication

• central dogma

a two-part process that ends in the assembly of proteins at the ribosomes within cells

• protein synthesis

• replication

• transcription

• translation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

the site of translation; the organelle that synthesizes proteins

• ribosome

• enzyme

• nucleus

• cytoplasm

complex proteins that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of energy needed to get the reaction started

• mRNA

• tRNA

• enzyme

• amino acid

one form of RNA that transports a specific amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• sRNA

the copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA

• transcription

• translation

• replication

• protein synthesis