Techniques that allow us to make inferences about a population based on data that we gather from a sample.

• Inferential statistics

• Descriptive statistics

Study results will vary from sample to sample strictly due to random chance (i.e., sampling error)

• Inferential statistics

• Descriptive statistics

Allow us to determine how likely it is to obtain a set of results from a single sample.

• Inferential statistics

• Descriptive statistics

This is also known as testing for "statistical significance”.

• Inferential statistics

• Descriptive statistics

The product of hypothesis testing via various statistical tests and is claimed to be significant.

• P value

• Power

The value 0.05 is arbitrary.

• P value

• Power

Demonstrates the probability of making a type I error.

• P value

• Power

It say nothing about what the size of an effect is or what that effect size is likely to be on the total population.

• P value

• Power

A drawback is that a-priori power calculations do not take variation of data into account.

• P value

• Power

This will help avoid too many subjects being recruited for a study.

• P value

• Power