Unit Exam Fall 2023

Which of the following is the most trustworthy source?

• A primary document, mainly because it was written at the time.
• A secondary source, because everything is known about historical topics nowadays.
• It doesn't matter, what's important is that the source is reliable, trustworthy, and can be corroborated with other accounts.
• No one since history mostly goes unwitnessed.

What impact did the Renaissance have on European culture, society, and intellect?

• Europe reverted back to a period of economic and spiritual decline
• It led to an increase in peity and devotion to the Catholic Church and its authority on thought
• There was a shift from a religious focus to secular and humanist approaches to art, literature, and scholarship
• A massive wave of violent protests where scholars rejected the "growth mindset" dogma

Using the quote below, what was a major motivation of European imperialism?

• Conquered countries cooperated with European nations to wage military campaigns to help convert uncivilized tribes to Christianity
• Imperialism was a positive event for developing countries, as European nations built infrastructure, stable governments, and strong economies built on keeping the wealth in their own country
• Imperialism was an intentional effort to discover and adapt more efficient customs and traditions from other countries
• Ethnocentrism and Social Darwinism helped justify the conquest of other nations as a positive benefit for the conquered people

What is a common consequence of trade, literature, and war?

• the prevent widespread destruction and peace political stability
• they make education more exclusive for the rich and powerful
• they are agents of cultural diffusion and the spread of new ideas
• they all help maintain the status quo and keep traditional authorities in power

In what way did identity play a role in the wave of revolutions between 1776-1848?

• Revolutionaries began to see themselves as inferior to the upper class
• Revolutionaries began to see themselves as citizens deserving of rights
• Revolutionaries began to see themsevles as subjects of divine authority
• Revolutionaries began to see themselves as superior to others

Why did the Catholic Church react so strongly to condemning and punishing scientists for their work in the 15th and 16th centuries?

• the Church felt persecuted from increasing secularism
• the Church was open to new ideas that could change their worldview
• they sought to protect their authority and control over knowledge
• they felt obligated to protect the laity from false information

What long term impact did European imperialism have on native populations?

• Complete assimilation to European culture
• Former colonies remain a strong partner in trade with Europen powers bringing in great wealth
• Ethnic conflict, plundering of resources, and enduring political instability
• Development of infrastructure, political stability, and widespread democracy

How did the Scientific Revolution change the way scientistis and philosophers approach research?

• allowing just logic and reason to explain the unexplainable
• giving the church full credit and authority over our understanding of the world
• challenging traditional knowledge and focusing on a method that required observable proof to one's hypothesis
• revolutionaries used only Medieval methods of learning such as scholasticism

Which of the following was a negative social consequence of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection?

• humans applied his theory of "survival of the fittest" to justify racism, imperialism, and conservative policies
• it helped us better understand the genetic differences between certain groups, races, and ethnicities
• it forced governments to pass reforms and interventions to help fight poverty, discrimination, and social justice
• his book led to massive rebuke of the church and social decline as people couldn't handle the fact they were descendants from apes

What impact did the Meiji Restoration have on Japan?

• They strengthened their Samurai forces and repelled all European invasions
• It resulted in Japan reaffirming it's isolationism and refusing to allow any new technology into the country
• It forced them to resist imperialism like China and led to them becoming an colony
• It moved the nation out of isolation to industrialization, eventually becoming a major empire in the 20th century