23 Rock Transformations

Which of these statements DOES NOT describe sedimentary rocks?

• undergo the process of compaction and cementation

• undergo the process of melting and cooling

• formed in the outer layer/surface of Earth

• formed by energy from the Sun

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Which of these statements DOES NOT describe igneous rocks?

• formed by energy from the Sun

• undergo the process of melting and cooling

• formed in the mantle/outer layer

• formed by energy from Earth's interior

Every day on his ride to school, Max sees some sedimentary rock. He starts to wonder: Could material from this sedimentary rock ever form igneous rock?

• No, igneous rock can only form out of other igneous rocks. Sedimentary rock cannot change into igneous rock.

• No, igneous rock forms under Earth’s outer layer due to energy from Earth’s interior, but sedimentary rock is only at Earth’s surface.

• Yes, if sedimentary rock is exposed to energy from the sun at Earth’s surface for a long enough time, it can melt into liquid rock and form igneous rock.

• Yes, if sedimentary rock is moved below Earth’s outer layer and exposed to energy from Earth’s interior, it can melt into liquid rock and form igneous rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

True or False: All rocks can become sediments.

• True

• False

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

True or False: All rocks can become magma.

• True

• False

What type of rock is this?

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

What type of rock is this?

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

Metamorphic rocks form by...

• tiny rocks being pressed and glued together

• melted rocks being cooled down

• rocks undergoing extreme heat and pressure

• wind and water making changes to rock formations

Geologists have evidence of an igneous rock formation under Earth’s outer layer. Is it possible that material from this rock formation could ever form sedimentary rock on Earth’s surface?

• No, sedimentary rock can only form out of material from other sedimentary rock. There is no way that sedimentary rock can form from material in igneous rock.

• No, sedimentary rock forms at Earth’s surface because energy from the sun causes rock to weather, but igneous rock under Earth’s outer layer is not exposed to energy from the sun.

• Yes, energy from Earth’s interior can cause igneous rock to break into small rock pieces that can form sedimentary rock.

• Yes, if igneous rock is moved to Earth’s surface and exposed to energy from the sun, it could weather into small rock pieces that could form sedimentary rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

On a hike up a mountain, Delilah sees small pieces of rock along the trail. The small pieces look just like the rock that the mountain is made from. How did these small pieces of rock break off from the mountain?

• Wind and rain interacted with the rock, breaking it into small pieces.

• The small pieces of rock were formed by earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters. These disasters were strong enough to break the rock into small pieces.

• Rays from the sun shone down on the rock, and it broke into pieces.

• If anything were left out for a long time, it would break into small pieces.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2