TOPIC 1 - Nucleic Acids & Proteins

In the Biology Study Design, in respect to nucleic acids, it states:

• nucleic acids as information that encode instructions for the synthesis of proteins; the structure of DNA, the three main forms of RNA (mRNA, rRNA and tRNA) and a comparison of their respective nucleotides.

• the genetic code as a universal triplet code that is degenerate and the steps in gene expression, including transcription, RNA processing in eukaryotic cells and translation by ribosomes.

• nucleic acids including DNA and RNA; the differences between these molecules and the formation of proteins from them.

• nucleic acids and the genetic code as pathways to forming proteins via the assimilation of amino acids; differences between nucleic acids and their respective nucleotides.

Which of the following labels are correct?

• A = Phosphate, B = Nitrogenous Base, C = Deoxyribose Sugar

• A = Pentose Sugar, B = Phosphate, C = Nitrogenous Base

• A = Ribose Sugar, B = Phosphate, C = Cytosine

• A = Nitrogenous Base, B = Ribose Sugar, C = Cytosine

The picture above is of a:

• Nucleic Acid

• DNA

• RNA

• Nucleotide

The bonds between nucleic acids include:

• Nitrogen Bonds & Phosphate Bonds

• Covalent Bonds & Hydrogen Bonds

• Phosphodiester Bonds & Hydrogen Bonds

• Strong Bonds & Weak Bonds

The fact that DNA has a strand that runs 5' > 3' and another strand that runs 3' > 5' is the reason DNA is described as being:

• Anti-Parallel

• Double Helix

• Double Stranded

• Complimentary

This diagram is of:

• mRNA

• rRNA

• Ribosome

• tRNA

The ribosome in this diagram is made of:

• rRNA

• mRNA

• Protein

• Lipid

In Eukaryotes, DNA can be found in the:

• Nucleus only

• Nucleolus only

• Nucleus, Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

• Nucleus and Cytoplasm

DNA in the nucleus forms structures called histones. In a histone, the DNA is wound tightly around:

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic Acids

In comparing DNA with RNA:

• DNA is single stranded and RNA is double stranded

• DNA contains Uracil and RNA contains Thymine

• DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and RNA contains ribose sugar

• DNA contains Uracil and RNA contains Guanine