11-16

What is the cause of the “Spot Sign” in CRAO ultrasound? 

• Ischemia of the optic nerve 

• Atherosclerotic embolus

• Inflammation of the optic nerve sheath and retina

• Shadowing caused by calcification of blood in the vitreous humor

Which of the following is not a sight threatening ophthalmologic emergency? 

• Vitreous hemorrhage 

• Retinal detachment

• CRVO

• Posterior vitreous detachment

What is the best way to evaluate the vitreous humor in ocular US? 

• Switch to low frequency probe as blood products are more likely to show up under low frequency

• Ask the patient to keep the eye as still as possible as it’s easier to see “settling”

• Turn gain up to 90-100% 

• You can’t evaluate for blood with ocular US and will need to do fundoscopic exam to evaluate for vitreous hemorrhage

Which quick reversal agent should you avoid or thinking through very carefully in the adult patient with altered mental status? 

• Dextrose 

• Flumazenil

• Naloxone 

• Thiamine 

The workup for a patient with altered mental status should 

• Balance the risk of the disease process with the likelihood of it being present 

• Be driven by history and physical 

• Be influenced by external sources 

• All of the above 

• None of the above