PSE5 november 16

 factors that influence the initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of behaviour.

this is the definition of _______

motivation is composed of _____

• direction and intensity of effort

• direction and strength of effort

• strength and intensity of effort

• placement and intensity of effort

Answer explanation

 

Motivation

• Motivation is the direction and intensity of effort

  • The direction of effort refers to whether an individual seeks out, approaches or is attached to certain situations

  • Intensity of effort refers to how much effort a person puts forth in a particular situation

what is not one of the sources of motivation?

• biological

• social

• cognitive

• emotional

• all of these are sources of motivation

what are the three tension systems

• a. beam theory

  b. drive reduction theory

  c. field theory

• a. balance theory

  b. driven persona theory

  c. field theory

• a. balance theory

  b. drive reduction theory

  c. field theory

• a. balance theory

  b. drive reduction theory

  c. single field theory

what principle is drive reduction theory based on

• homeostasis

• homiestasis

• homeostatic

• homestability

Answer explanation

what does not belong to drive reduction theory

• primary drives

• secondary drives

• homeostasis

• unpleasant state of tension

• psychological state that causes an animal to relax

Answer explanation

• Drive = a state of tension of arousal caused by biological or physiological needs

• Drives give rise to an individual's motivation

• When a person's drive emerges, he/she will be in an unpleasant state of tension and the person will behave in such a way that the tension is reduced

• To reduce the tensions, they will begin seeking out ways to satisfy their (biological) needs

  • -looking for water if you are thirsty

what is the equation associated with drive reduction theory

• behaviour = incentive x habit strength x drive

• behaviour = strength x habits

• behaviour = environmental factors x habits x drive

• behaviour does not exist

Answer explanation

 

Any behaviour that reduces drives will be repeated by humans and animals --> habit

Reduction of the drive serves as a positive reinforcement for the behaviour that caused such a drive reduction

 in order to analyze a person or a situation, the whole environment must be taken into account. defines what theory

Answer explanation

what statement is not true?

• Life space is dynamic

• The interaction between the person and what they've experienced will ultimately determine their behaviour

• objective and physical environment = life space

• one of the factors that make up a person is abilities and skills

Answer explanation

 

• life space (LSp): subjectively perceived (psychological) reality of a person (does not equal objective, physical environment)

• The life space consists of aspects of the person (e.g., drives, tensions, thoughts) and for action relevant aspects of the environment (e.g. objects that will satisfy needs

  • The interdependence between person and environment explains behaviour

• B = F(P,E,) = F (LSp)

what is not one of the field theory conflicts?

• approach-approach

• approach-avoidance

• avoidance-avoidance

• zeigarnik effect

Answer explanation

 

Zeigarnik effect

• Uncompleted/interrupted tasks are better remembered than completed ones

  • Task --> task-specific tension --> improves cognitive accessibility of the relevant information

  • Tension is relieved upon the completion of the task

  • Task interruption: reduction of tension is impeded --> due to continuous tension, contents remain easily accessible and can be easily remembered

• Zeigarnik effect suggests: students who interrupt their studying will better remember study material