Unit 5 Review

Which of the following examples is most consistent with the theory that executive functioning provides the basis for general intelligence?

• a. Geoff is able to easily remember a long list of instructions after hearing them only once and also scores higher than average on intelligence tests.

• Reilly began walking earlier than most children and also scores higher than average on intelligence tests.

• Amir is good at understanding other peoples’ emotions and also scores higher than average on intelligence tests.

• Jake can read very quickly and also scores higher than average on intelligence tests.

Declarative memories are to ________ memories as procedural memories are to ________ memories.

• implicit; explicit

• explicit; implicit

• general knowledge; personal facts

• personal facts; general knowledge

As part of the Loftus, et al. (1978) study, subjects viewed a slide presentation of an accident, and some of the subjects were asked a question about a blue car, when the actual slides contained pictures of a green car. When these same subjects were asked about the color of the car at the accident, they were found to be confused. This is an example of the ________.

• instant replay effect

• constructive processing effect

• misinformation effect

• hindsight bias effect

If memory was like the sea, we could say that ___________ is long term memory, _________ are the memories, and ________ are the retrieval cues.

• the sea, fish, hooks

• the boat, worms, fish

• an island, worms, fishing poles

• boat, hooks, worms

What would be true of a thermometer that always reads three degrees lower than the actual temperature?

• it is both valid and reliable

• It is valid but not reliable

• it is not valid, but you can't tell if it is reliable from what is given

• it is reliable but not valid

You are asked to remember the names of Snow White's 7 dwarfs in psych class. You know you know them, but you can only think of 6. What is mostly taking place?

• method of loci

• confabulation

• tip of the tongue phenomenon

• intelligence

Billy Bob has always had a natural talent for learning languages. He speaks four fluently, and is learning a 5th. However he struggles with Math class and his ability in art is severely lacking. What theory of intelligence might explain his abilities.

• Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligence

• Sternberg's Theory of Intelligence

• Whorf's Theory of linguistic relativity

• Binet's Intelligence Quotient

John went to the beach for vacation shortly after having watched a documentary film about shark attacks. Overestimating the possibility of encountering a shark in the water, he decided to spend the day sunbathing and reading instead of going for a swim. John’s reasoning can be explained through

• representative heuristic

• gambler's fallacy

• availability heuristic

• bandwagon effect

Luann needs to hammer a nail into the wall, but the only tool she can find is a screwdriver. Luann's inability to think of the handle of the screwdriver as a potential as a potential hammer represents what concept of flaws in thinking__________

• representative heuristic

• availability heuristic

• gambler's fallacy

• functional fixedness

If a test consistently produces the same score when administered to the same person under identical circumstances, that test can be said to be high in

• validity

• reliability

• standardized

• accuracy