AP 2.3

What is partisan voting?

• A situation in which no congressional action on legislation can be taken due to a lack of consensus

• When members of Congress vote based on their political party affiliation

• A challenge to redistricting based on equal protection

• When political attitudes move toward ideological extremes

What is polarization?

• When members of Congress vote based on their political party affiliation

• When political attitudes move toward ideological extremes

• A challenge to redistricting based on equal protection

• A situation in which no congressional action on legislation can be taken due to a lack of consensus

What can lead to gridlock in Congress?

• Partisan voting

• Polarization

• Gerrymandering

• Redistricting

What has partially addressed gerrymandering and redistricting?

• Supreme Court cases

• Partisan voting

• Polarization

• Gridlock

What challenges to redistricting have been opened by Supreme Court cases?

• Polarization challenges

• Partisan voting challenges

• Gridlock challenges

• Equal protection challenges

What is a divided government?

• When one party controls the presidency and the other party controls at least one of the chambers of Congress

• A situation in which no congressional action on legislation can be taken due to a lack of consensus

• When members of Congress vote based on their political party affiliation

• When political attitudes move toward ideological extremes

What can a divided government lead to?

• Polarization

• Gridlock

• Partisan voting

• Intense partisanship

What can intense partisanship result in?

• Members of Congress voting against presidential initiatives and appointments

• Partisan voting

• Polarization

• Gridlock

How is accountability to constituents affected by role conceptions?

• A representative who conceives of their role as a trustee will vote on issues based on their own knowledge and judgement

• A representative acting as a delegate sees themselves as an agent of those who elected them and will vote on issues based on the interests of their constituents

• A politico uses a combination of these role conceptions

• All of the above

What does a representative acting as a trustee do?

• Votes on issues based on their own knowledge and judgement

• Uses a combination of role conceptions

• Votes on issues based on the interests of their constituents

• None of the above