Learning and Behavior Quiz

What are reflexes?

• Complex patterns of reaction that vary from individual to individual

• Sequences of actions triggered automatically by particular events

• Inherited skills that function at birth or shortly thereafter

• Swift and simple reactions to potential threats

What is the purpose of learning?

• Both A and B

• To control a complex and ever-changing environment

• None of the above

• To anticipate the future from past experience

What type of learning did Ivan Pavlov study?

• Instrumental conditioning

• Reflex conditioning

• Operant conditioning

• Classical conditioning

What is classical conditioning?

• Learning relationships between two stimulus events

• Learning through reflexes

• Learning through trial and error

• Learning through consequences

What is John B. Watson known for?

• Pioneering the study of reflex conditioning

• Pioneering the study of instrumental conditioning

• Studying operant conditioning with pigeons

• Studying classical conditioning with infants

What did Watson and Rayner's experiment with Little Albert demonstrate?

• The power of classical conditioning to create fear

• The power of instrumental conditioning to change habits

• The power of operant conditioning to shape behavior

• The power of reflex conditioning to elicit responses

What is B.F. Skinner known for?

• Studying operant conditioning with pigeons

• Studying classical conditioning with infants

• Pioneering the study of reflex conditioning

• Pioneering the study of instrumental conditioning

What is operant conditioning?

• Learning through reflexes

• Learning relationships between two stimulus events

• Learning through trial and error

• Learning through consequences

What is the focus of Skinner's psychology?

• Internal mental processes

• Reflexes and their impact on behavior

• Observable behavior and its relationship to environmental variables

• Inherited traits and instincts

What is the key factor that influences operant conditioning according to Skinner?

• Consequences

• All of the above

• Antecedents

• Behavior