Smart Manufacturing and the Fourth Industrial Revolution Quiz

According to the text, which economist linked waves of technological change occurring every 50 years with cycles in global GDP growth?

• Adam Smith

• Karl Marx

• Nikolai Kondratiev

• John Maynard Keynes

What is the main factor driving the wave of innovation in smart manufacturing?

• Internet

• Renewable energies

• Nanotechnology

• Bioscience

Which technological innovation enabled the shift from cellphones to smartphones?

• Digital camera

• Imaging

• GPS

• Internet

What is the term used to describe the symbiosis between traditional manufacturing and services in smart manufacturing?

• Industrial revolution

• Mass production

• Mechanisation

• Servitisation

Which company is mentioned in the text as an example of a manufacturer focused on low-volume, open-source designs?

• Ford

• General Motors

• Toyota

• Local Motors

What is the main characteristic of the market niches for personalised and customised products mentioned in the text?

• Co-innovation with customers

• Large-scale manufacturing

• Mass production

• High price sensitivity

Which technology enables innovators and inventors to become manufacturers and connect directly with markets both locally and globally?

• Renewable energies

• 3D printing

• Bioscience

• Nanotechnology

What is the main prediction for smart manufacturing in terms of product supply chains?

• Globalization of supply chains

• Centralization of production

• Integration of local and global supply chains

• Outsourcing of production

What is the term used to describe the process where waste is fed back into the production process in smart manufacturing?

• Efficiency

• Localisation

• Circular economy

• Sustainability

Which sector was triggered by the introduction of electricity, heavy and mechanical engineering, and synthetic chemistry, according to the text?

• Second industrial revolution

• Third industrial revolution

• Fourth industrial revolution

• First industrial revolution