Biology Review 3

In this figure. The item labeled "Y" is ____ and it is synthesized by the process called ____ .

• RNA; transcription

• protein; transcription

• protein; translation

• RNA; translation

• DNA; replication

A type of noncoding RNA called small interfering RNA:

• destroys RNA transcripts.

• inhibits transcription.

• inhibits RNA processing.

• activates translation.

• None of the other answer options is correct.

In this figure the item labeled 'Z' is ____ and it is synthesized by the process called ____ .

• protein; transcription

• RNA; translation

• RNA; transcription

• protein; translation

• DNA; replication

Which lettered box in the figure encloses a nucleoside?

• x

• y

• v

• z

• w

A polymerization reaction is made irreversible by:

• creation of a phosphodiester bond.

• the entry of a free nucleotide into an RNA polymerase.

• breaking of the bond between the 2' carbon and the hydroxyl group.

• hybridization of a free nucleotide to a template.

• hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate group.

Transcription continues untiI:

• a transcription factor signals the end of the gene.

• a ribosome pulls RNA polymerase off the DNA.

• a terminator sequence is encountered.

• all bases in the DNA arc copied.

• a stop codon is encountered.

identify all the chemical modifications that occur during RNA processing in eukaryotes by selecting all that apply:

• polyadenylation

• intron removal

• 5' cap addition

• exon removal

• 3' cap addition

RNA processing occurs in:

• prokaryotes only.

• both prokaryotes and viruses.

• eukaryotes only.

• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

• viruses only.

In eukaryotes, the messenger RNA consists of:

• primary RNA transcript.

• primary RNA transcript with cap added.

• an RNA transcript with cap added, introns removed, and poly(A) sequence added.

• primary RNA transcript with cap added and introns removed.

RNA polymerase complex can do which actions?

• restore the original DNA strands

• allow RNA-DNA hybrids to form

• separate DNA strands

• release a finished RNA transcript from a DNA template

• All of these choices are correct.