Assessment: Chapter 2—“Expansion of Empires, War, and Reform”

Which statement explains the changes after Muhammad’s death shown in the map? (5.4, 5.10, 5.10.b)

•  A civil war led to a split in Islam. 

•  The first four caliphs developed a policy of religious tolerance

• The first four caliphs spread Islam through conquest. 

•  A period of peace increased trade. 

   

Why are Muslims required to make a pilgrimage during their lifetime? (5.8, 5.10)

•  to show their devotion to Allah 

•  to commemorate Muhammad’s conquests 

• to show their respect for Islamic communities 

•  to commemorate Muhammad’s last trip to Mecca

.How did Muslim scholars contribute to the field of mathematics? (5.10, 5.10.c)

•  They developed algebra. 

• They developed geometry. 

•  They invented the abacus. 

• They invented written numbers.

What made traveling so difficult for Muslims?

• It required them to travel across the desert.

• The travelers faced attack and warfare

• It cost a lot of money

• It resulted in disease

What made Islamic Art unique?

• Used one color

• Including animals

• Used numbers

• Used geometry shapes

Based on the map, which is a difference between the First and Third Crusades? 

(5.4, 5.7, 5.9, 5.9.f)

•   Unlike the First Crusade, crusaders on the Third Crusade mostly traveled by water to the Holy Land. 

• Unlike the First Crusade, crusaders on the Third Crusade fought in Edessa

• Unlike the First Crusade, crusaders on the Third Crusade passed through Rome. 

  .

•  Unlike the First Crusade, crusaders on the Third Crusade built a kingdom in Jerusalem. 

Why did barons and merchants force King John to sign the Magna Carta? (5.9, 5.9.e)

• He released many prisoners.

• He raised taxes to pay for a war.

• He lost lands to the Spanish king.

  .

• He prevented towns from having fairs

Why did Alexius I ask Pope Urban II for help? (5.8, 5.9, 5.9.f)

• Peace in Palestine and Jerusalem depended on the presence of knights.

• Conquests by the Muslim Turks made travel to the Holy Land difficult. 

• War in the Holy Land threatened to spread into the Byzantine Empire.

• Trade controlled by the Muslim Turks raised prices for the Byzantines.