AP Biology Biochemistry

Which feature of model 1 best illustrates how biological information is coded in a DNA molecule?

• The 5′ and 3′ labels at the ends of each strand

• The labeling of the hydrogen bonds between base pairs

• The lines connecting sugars and phosphate groups that represent covalent bonds

• The linear sequence of the base pairs

Figure 1 represents a segment of DNA. Radiation can damage the nucleotides in a DNA molecule. To repair some types of damage, a single nucleotide can be removed from a DNA molecule and replaced with an undamaged nucleotide. Which of the four labeled bonds in Figure 1 could be broken to remove and replace the cytosine nucleotide without affecting the biological information coded in the DNA molecule?

• Bond X only

• Bond W only

• Bonds Y and Z at the same time

• Bonds W and Z at the same time

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following statements is correct about the molecule shown in Figure 1 ?

• It is RNA because of the relative direction of the two strands.

• It is RNA because of the number of different nucleotides found in the molecule.

• It is DNA because of the nature of the hydrogen bonds between guanine and cytosine.

• It is DNA because of the nucleotides present.

Which statement describes how water is pulled up through the xylem to the leaves of the plant?

• As water exits the leaf, hydrogen bonding between water molecules pulls more water up from below.

• As water exits the leaf, signals are sent to the roots to pump more water up to the leaves through the xylem by adhesion.

• Evaporation from the leaf decreases the hydrogen bonds that form between the water molecules in the xylem, which helps the water molecules to be pulled up the xylem.

• Evaporation of water from the leaf increases the hydrogen bonds that form between water molecules in the air, providing the energy for transport.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Phosphorous (P) is an important nutrient for plant growth. Figure 1 shows Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under phosphorus‐sufficient (left) and phosphorus‐starved (right) conditions for six weeks.

Which of the following is the most likely reason for the difference in leaf growth?

• The phosphorus-starved plant was unable to synthesize both the required proteins and lipids, limiting growth.

• The phosphorus-starved plant was unable to synthesize both the required proteins and carbohydrates, limiting growth.

• The phosphorus-starved plant was unable to synthesize both the required nucleic acids and lipids, limiting growth.

• The phosphorus-starved plant was unable to synthesize both the required carbohydrates and nucleic acids, limiting growth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Which of the following element(s) are found in proteins?

• Carbon / Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Phosphorus

• Nitrogen

• Sulfur

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which of the following requires the dehydration reaction of two amino acids?

• Carboxyl group of first amino acid binds with carboxyl group of second amino acid

• Carboxyl group of first amino acid binds with amino group of second amino acid

• R group of first amino acid binds with R group of second amino acid

• Amino group of first amino acid binds with amino group of second amino acid

The amino acid glutamic acid has a R group with a negative charge. During folding, which of the following describes the orientation of the R group?

• Exterior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophilic properties

• Exterior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophobic properties

• Interior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophobic properties

• Interior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophilic properties

In terms of directionality of the protein, which of the following provides naming for the side with the carboxyl group?

• A-terminus

• C-terminus

• N-terminus

• S-terminus

In terms of directionality of the protein, which of the following provides naming for the side with the amino group?

• A-terminus

• C-terminus

• N-terminus

• S-terminus