2nd Benchmark Review

1519 was significant to Texas history because in that year

• the coast of Texas was first mapped by Spanish explorers

• B Father Antonio de Olivares started the first mission and presidio at San Antonio

• Mexico achieved its independence from Spain

• Texas declared its independence from Mexico

How did the Gulf Indians differ from those of the Plains?

• They rubbed themselves with alligator fat or fish oil to prevent mosquito bites.

• They made their own clothes of animal hides.

• They tattooed their bodies.

• They lived in cone-shaped tents of buffalo hide.

Which activities took place in Catholic missions in Texas during the eighteenth century?

• Priests led Indians through their daily activities

• Indians learned to become better hunters.

• Indian chiefs ordered the removal of priests.

• Indian priests conducted local rituals

Which best describes how the Karankawa and Tonkawa tribes of the Gulf Coast obtained their shelter?

• They lived in cone-shaped tents of buffalo hide.

• They lived in homes of sun-baked adobe brick.

• They lived in homes of animal skins stretched over poles or logs.

• They lived in homes made of wooden planks.

How did the Gulf Indians differ from the Plains Indians?

• They ate large amounts of oysters, clams, turtles and fish

• They lived in cone-shaped tents of buffalo hide.

• They were among the first tribes to grow wheat.

• They conducted extensive trade with the Aztecs of Mexico.

What led the first group of Spanish colonists to journey to Texas?

• They were searching to find gold.

• They wanted to protect Spanish claims against French settlers.

• They wanted to convert the Indians to Christianity.

• There was not enough land in Mexico.

Based on their physical environment, what materials did the Caddo Indians of East Texas use for their homes?

• They built cone-shaped homes out of wood and grass

• They built tepees out of buffalo hides to support their nomadic lifestyle.

• They built lean-to structures of palm branches and small sticks.

• They built permanent homes out of mud and adobe brick.

Which Spanish sea captain was one of the first Europeans to land in Texas, who also survived several years of captivity by the Karankawa Indians?

• Alonso Álvarez de Pineda

• Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca

• José de Escandón

• Antonio Margil de Jésus

What was the primary reason for establishing Catholic missions in Spanish Texas?

• To convert the Indians to Christianity

• To find gold for the King of Spain

• To find farmland for new settlers from Europe

• To protect Spanish claims against the French

Martin De Leon and Green DeWitt are best known as—

• empresarios who brought early settlers to Texas

• leaders in the fight for Texas independence from Mexico

• statesmen who helped negotiate the annexation of Texas by the United States

• guides who led groups of the “Old 300” families who first settled in East Texas