Unit 4 Biomolecules and Cells Review

Students created note cards comparing characteristics of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Which set of note cards most accurately compares these cells?

• Eukaryotic Cells - membrane bound nucleus

  DNA chromosomes in the nucleus (linear)

  Prokaryotic Cells - No nucleus or other membrane bound organelles

  DNA chromosomes are in the cytoplasm (circular or free floating)

• Eukaryotic Cells - membrane bound nucleus or organelles

  DNA free floating in the cytoplasm

  Prokaryotic Cells - No nucleus or other membrane bound nucleus

  DNA is free floating in the cytoplasm

• Eukaryotic Cells - No membrane bound nucleus or organelles

  DNA chromosomes in the nucleus

  Prokaryotic Cells - Membrane bound nucleus or organelles

  DNA chromosomes in the nucleus

Which molecule synthesized by plants is a major source of energy for cellular processes in both plants and animals?

• Wax

• Nucleic Acid

• Glucose

• Chlorophyll

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Carbohydrates are more easily metabolized than lipids. However, on a gram-for-gram basis lipids provide cells with more —

• nitrogen

• proteins

• structure

• energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Which statement describes the process of osmosis in an animal cell?

• Sugar molecules move across the plasma membrane until the cell has enough energy to grow in size and divide.

• Water molecules move across the plasma membrane until solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane.

• Ions move across the plasma membrane until the inside of the cell has a higher concentration of positive charges.

• Enzymes move across the plasma membrane until the cell has completed metabolism.

Enzymes are proteins that have a three-dimensional shape that is specic to a particular substrate. Environmental conditions can change the shape of the protein.

What is the most likely result if the shape of the enzyme changes?

• The substrate will change its shape to match the enzyme.
  

• The enzyme will no longer be able to catalyze the reaction with the substrate.

• The products made from the enzyme and the substrate will be changed.

• The enzyme will be able to bind to more diverse substrates than before.

Which statements best compare a function of proteins and lipids in a human cell?

• Proteins provide energy for cellular processes. Lipids catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell.

• Proteins catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell.
  Lipids allow for the transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell.

• Proteins allow for the transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell. Lipids store genetic information for cells.

• Proteins store genetic information for cells. Lipids provide energy for cellular processes.

Materials are provided to students to build models of a prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell, and a virus. The materials and the structures they represent are listed in the table shown above. Which material will students use in all three models?

• Yellow paper oval
  

• Gray paper hexagon
  

• Blue yarn

• Purple buttons

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

A diagram of removing glucose from the blood by a fat cell is shown. Which statement best describes the role of insulin and glucose-transport proteins in this process?

• 1. They stimulate a response from white blood cells during glucose entry into the cell.

• 1. They keep the plasma membrane exible when glucose is removed from the blood

• 1. They help to maintain stable glucose levels both inside and outside the cell.

• 1. They utilize the excess energy the cell produces to create more glucose.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Based on the data, this enzyme functions best at what temperature and pH? What is the role of an enzyme in a biological reaction?

• The enzyme functions best at 37C and a Ph of 6.8. The role of an enzyme is to speed up chemical reactions to lower activation energy.

• The enzyme functions best at 50C and a Ph of 10. The role of an enzyme is to lower the chemical reactions to lower activation energy.

• The enzyme functions best at 37C and a Ph of 6.8. The role of an enzyme is to lower the chemical reactions to speed up the activation energy.

• The enzyme functions best at 10C and a Ph of 2. The role of an enzyme is to speed up chemical reactions to lower activation energy.

Which statement is best supported by the graph?

• An enzyme must be composed of multiple polypeptides, or subunits, to be active.

• An enzyme’s rate of activity increases with time until it becomes inactive.
  

• An enzyme functions best under specific temperature conditions.

• An enzyme works equally well in bacteria that are adapted to high temperatures and in eukaryotic cells such as human cells.