According to social constructivist theory, what is the role of interactions in students' understanding and knowledge?

• A) Interactions have no impact on students' understanding

• B) Interactions with adults and peers influence students' understanding

• D) Interactions are only important in home environment

• C) Interactions only affect students' knowledge of the world

Who proposed the Zone of Proximal Development as a social constructivist model?

• A) Jean Piaget

• B) Lev Vygotsky

• C) Jerome Bruner

• D) Marion Dowling

What is the main focus of Bergmann and Sams' Flip Your Classroom approach?

• D) Decreasing pupil-teacher interaction

• C) Facilitating better differentiation

• B) Encouraging rote learning

• A) Increasing homework load for students

According to Marion Dowling, what is 'sustained shared thinking' in the context of children's learning?

• A) Children thinking independently

• B) Children working together in an intellectual way

• C) Children learning through play

• D) Children being mentored by older ones

What did Cathy Nutbrown define as 'schema' in the context of children's learning?

• B) A specific learning environment for children

• A) A way of labelling children's consistent patterns of action

• D) A method of teaching children through play

• C) A type of assessment for children's progress

What did Hart and Risley's study find regarding the number of words heard by children from different socioeconomic backgrounds?

• D) Higher-income children heard more words

• C) Lower-income children heard more words

• B) Higher-income children heard fewer words

• A) No significant difference in the number of words heard

What is a criticism of social constructivist approaches in educational practice?

• C) Social constructivist approaches do not require interaction between pupils and teachers

• A) Children make sufficient progress due to lack of formal instruction

• B) Higher adult-child ratios are not required in education settings

• D) Social constructivist approaches require higher adult-child ratios than is possible in education settings

How will understanding the social constructivism theory support an early years practitioner?

• A) It will not have any impact on the practitioner's role

• B) It will help in observing and assessing children to work out their 'next steps'

• C) It will only be beneficial for older children, not for early years

• D) It will not be relevant in an early years setting

Why is it important for an early years practitioner to know the different theorist approaches to social constructivism?

• A) It is not important for an early years practitioner to know about different theorist approaches

• B) It helps in planning activities to provoke curiosity and interaction between peers

• C) It is only important for academic research, not for practical application

• D) It does not impact the practitioner's role in any way

What is the main focus of Bruner's Discovery Learning approach?

• A) Rote learning

• C) Simplifying information for children

• D) Facilitating better differentiation

• B) Encouraging independent study skills