Unit 5 Review

What was a significant impact of the Mongol conquests during the Middle Ages?

• Creation of a large, diverse empire

• Emergence of a volatile political environment

• Revitalization of arts and literature

• Introduction of new religious beliefs

What was the impact of the Mongol invasions on the power dynamics of the Islamic world?

• The Mongol invasions led to the fall of Seljuk Turk rule and paved the way for the rise of the Ottoman Turks.

• The Mongols converted to Islam during their rule over the Islamic region, but eventually left due to the growing power of the Seljuk Turks.

• The Mongols shifted their focus to South Asia and the spice trade, leaving the Islamic world to the control of the Seljuk Turks.

• The Mongols eradicated the Islamic faith during their rule, but were eventually overthrown by the Ottoman Turks.

What was a key reason for peaceful coexistence among Muslims, Jews, and Christians in Europe during the Middle Ages?

• A shared interest in economic prosperity

• A unified religious doctrine

• A decrease in agricultural yields

• A collective mission to spread their faiths

What were the social consequences of the Black Death on the feudal system in Europe?

• The nobility gained more power over the peasants.

• Trade routes were expanded to new regions.

• Labor shortages led to increased wages and mobility for peasants.

• Religious institutions gained more followers and influence.

How did the Crusades contribute to the end of the medieval era in Europe?

• Islamic fighters defeated Christian knights and took control of Europe.

• European knights were given Church lands in exchange for fighting in the Crusades.

• Christians split between Western Roman Catholicism and Eastern Greek Orthodoxy

• Trade was revived leading to the decline of the manorial economy.

What was one impact of the Mongol invasions on the regions of the Islamic world?

• establishment of the Byzantine Empire

• introduction of feudalism in Persia

• reduction of Islamic cultural influence in North Africa

• emergence of the Ottoman Empire as a significant force

How did the conclusion of the Hundred Years War influence the political landscape of Europe?

• Knights established autonomous regions by forming private armies.

• Peasants were granted land ownership for their military service.

• Centralized monarchies gained strength, leading to the rise of nation-states.

• Clergy members became dominant political figures in England and France.

Although trade united Jews, Muslims, and Christians during the Middle Ages, conflict did occur between these groups. A significant source of division occurred between them —

• during the Crusades in the 12th and 13th centuries

• before the fall of Rome

• during the conquest of Spain in the 8th century by Muslims

• after the Ottoman Turks took control of the Mediterranean and interrupted trade between Europe and Asia

In what way did the spread of Islam in India contrast with its spread in North Africa?

• Islamic law abolished slavery in North African regions.

• Islam maintained a distinct presence alongside Hinduism in India.

• Islam dismantled the Hindu caste system in Indian society.

• Islamic rulers in India were often selected from Hindu nobility.

How did the Black Death affect manorialism in Europe?

• Serfs had fewer opportunities for social mobility.

• The movement of serfs off the land became more restrictive.

• Serfs now had more economic opportunities brought about by depopulation and many began migrating to cities. 

• The Black Death strengthened the power of manor lords because many of the serfs died during the plague.