Human Body Review

Pierre is studying the organs in the human digestive system. He looks at a diagram of the intestines, similar to the one that follows. Which of the following correctly describes the diagram?

• Structure A is the small intestine, and structure B connects the mouth to the stomach.

• Structure A is the small intestine, and structure B absorbs water from digested material.

• Structure A is the large intestine, and structure B absorbs nutrients from digested material.

• Structure A is the large intestine, and structure B produces bile and stores it temporarily.

In science class, Rupert learns about the different systems of the human body. What are three functions of the system shown above?

• support, protection, movement

• gas exchange, digestion, movement

• waste removal, stimuli response, protection

• removal of pathogens, blood transportation, support

Organ systems work together to meet the needs of the human body. Which claim describes how the skeletal system is related to the nervous system?

• The skeleton protects the brain and spinal cord.

• The brain determines how the skeleton develops.

• The brain and spinal cord hold the skeleton together.

• The skeletal system works as a part of the nervous system.

Groups of organs in the body work together as organ systems. Each organ system has a special role in the body. Organ systems include the nervous system, immune system, and endocrine system. What is the role of the immune system in the body?

• It gets rid of wastes that the body produces.

• It uses electrical signals to control body functions.

• It uses chemical messages to control body functions.

• It gets rid of bacteria and viruses that invade the body.

Kim is studying certain blood vessels in the body. In these vessels, blood travels from the heart to the muscles in the upper arms. Based on this evidence, which type of vessels is Kim studying?

• veins

• arteries

• capillaries

• lymph ducts

Muscles often work together to produce movement, as shown below. When the biceps contracts and gets shorter, what does the triceps do?

• It relaxes and gets longer.

• It relaxes and gets shorter.

• It contracts and gets longer.

• It contracts and gets shorter.

Amy goes to the doctor because she is not feeling well. The doctor carefully looks for anything abnormal in Amy's pharynx. The doctor then listens through his stethoscope for abnormal sounds in Amy's bronchi and alveoli. Based on this evidence, which body system is the doctor examining?

• the lymphatic system

• the respiratory system

• the circulatory system

• the cardiovascular system

When he eats, Eli chews his food carefully. Which of these explains what Eli is doing as his teeth mash and crush the food into small pieces?

• chemically digesting food

• mechanically digesting food

• peristalsis

• making chyme

Alice feels pain in her chest after she eats a big meal. Her doctor tells her that the pain is from stomach acid being pushed up into the tube that leads from her mouth to her stomach. To which digestive system structure is Alice's doctor referring?

• liver

• esophagus

• large intestine

• small intestine

Sergey runs a mile in gym class. After running, Sergey breathes heavily, pulling air into his lungs. Which statement best describes the path that the oxygen takes from his lungs to cells in his body?

• Oxygen first enters his systemic circulation, then his heart, then his pulmonary circulation.

• Oxygen first enters his pulmonary circulation, then his heart, then his systemic circulation.

• Oxygen first enters his heart, then his systemic circulation, then his pulmonary circulation.

• Oxygen first enters his heart, then his pulmonary circulation, then his systemic circulation.