Cell Differentiation and Gene Expression

Stem cells are

• cells that grow uncontrollably
• undifferentiated and can be any type of cell
• never go through cell division
• only found in embryos

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Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

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Which is true about embryonic stem cells?

• They no longer divide, their cell type is set and cannot change.
• They can develop into only one type of cell.
• They can become any cell type in the body.
• They are found in adults.

What is cell differentiation?

• Process by which cells produce more cells
• Process by which cells become specialized
• Process by which cells become unspecialized
• Process by which cells die

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What is one goal of cellular differentiation/specialization?

• To create specialized cells to help organism maintain homeostasis.
• To many cells.
• To make stem cells
• to make single celled organisms

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Stem cells are

• cells that grow uncontrollably
• undifferentiated and can be any type of cell
• never go through cell division
• only found in embryos

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What is the importance of apoptosis?

• To eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells
• To create specialized cells
• To produce two identical cells
• To cause uncontrolled cell growth

Specialized cells such as muscle, blood, or nerve cells are caused by cell differentiation led by

• DNA

• nucleus

• ribosomes

• plasma membrane

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Cells differentiate to perform different functions because

• all genes are turned on inside that cell

• all genes are turned off inside that cell

• different genes are turned on inside that cell

• different genes are turned on or off inside that cell

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There are about 200 cells in the human body. All these cells have the same DNA. True or False?

• True

• False

• maybe

• it depends upon the type