Review_Exam 3

The formal operational stage of cognitive development is mostly characterized by the active and appropriate use of __________.

• sensory information

• symbolic representation

• abstract thinking

• egocentic thought

Keilani ran over to her friends who had just begun fighting over the red crayon. She heard both of their reasons why they needed the crayon and could understand that each of them had a valid need. The ability to take multiple aspects of a situation like this into account is called __________.

• concrete

• reversibility

• decentering

• preoperational

According to Piaget, during the formal operational stage, children apply __________ thinking to __________ tasks.

• hypothetical-deductive reasoning; cognitive

• logical; abstract

• hypothetical-deductive reasoning; emotional

• hypothetical-deductive reasoning; scientific

Derek has an internal belief that he is fundamentally flawed. This negative judgement is a representation of Derek's...

• shame

• psychological competence

• intrusive thoughts

• self-esteem

Based on Kashfia Rahman's research findings, in addition to teenager's underdeveloped brains, what psychological concept can also contribute to risk-taking?

• metamemory

• frontal lobes

• habituation

• memory

This psychologist focused on care and relationships when addressing moral reasoning

• Vygotsky

• Piaget

• Kohlberg

• Gilligan

Stacy believes that her friends and family view her positively. This belief is an example of which psychological concept?

• The We-Self

• Trust vs. Mistrust

• The I-Self

• The Me-Self

This stage in childhood is characterized by increased skills in perspective taking, theory of mind, and a more complex social life.

• Early childhood

• Infancy

• Adolescent

• Middle Childhood

For Erikson, what is the fundamental task of adolescence?

• identity formation

• emotional regulation

• Navigating a social life

• habituation to risk-taking

According to Erikson, the period characterized by a focus on efforts to attain competence in meeting the challenges presented by parents, peers, school, and the other complexities of the modern world is _

• trust vs. mistrust

• autonomy vs. shame and doubt

• initiative vs. guilt

• industry vs. inferiority