Biology SOL TestNav Qs

Type your answer in the box. The chart shows three RNA codes for a STOP codon. What is one of the three codes?

Answer explanation

One of the three RNA codes for a STOP codon is UAA. The other two codes are UAG and UGA. These codons signal the termination of protein synthesis during translation.

Directions: Select all the correct answers. A frog processes food and eliminates wastes through the digestive and urinary systems. Which structures carry out similar functions in the single-celled amoeba?

• Cell Membrane

• Lysosomes

• Vacuoles

• Chloroplasts

• Golgi Body

Answer explanation

In amoebas, the cell membrane regulates what enters and exits, lysosomes digest food and break down waste, and vacuoles store and expel waste, similar to the digestive and urinary systems in frogs.

Type your answer in the box. White-tailed deer have 70 chromosomes in each body cell. How many chromosomes will be found in a gamete from a white-tailed deer?

Answer explanation

White-tailed deer have 70 chromosomes in body cells, which are diploid. Gametes are haploid, containing half the number of chromosomes. Therefore, a gamete from a white-tailed deer will have 35 chromosomes.

The property of water shown allows it to —

• freeze faster than it boils due to sharing metallic bonds

• support floating objects due to forces between covalent bonds

• remain stable due to electrons forming ionic bonds

• be both cohesive and adhesive due to hydrogen bonds

Answer explanation

The correct choice is that water's hydrogen bonds allow it to be both cohesive (sticking to itself) and adhesive (sticking to other substances), which is essential for processes like capillary action and surface tension.

In one species of plant, red flowers (R) are dominant to white flowers (r). What are the genotypes of the parent plants that are crossed when 50% of the offspring are heterozygous and 50% are homozygous recessive?

• RR X Rr

• Rr X rr

• rr X RR

• Rr X Rr

Answer explanation

The cross Rr X rr produces 50% Rr (heterozygous) and 50% rr (homozygous recessive) offspring. Other combinations do not yield this ratio, confirming Rr X rr is the correct choice.

Students are studying carrying capacity. They estimate the surface area of a pond to be 240 m^2. Research shows each frog in a pond requires about 2 m^2 of pond space to survive. How many frogs can this pond support?

• 120

• 121

• 480

• 484

Answer explanation

To find the number of frogs the pond can support, divide the total surface area (240 m²) by the space each frog needs (2 m²). 240 ÷ 2 = 120. Therefore, the pond can support 120 frogs.

Which best explains why cells in zygotes eventually form specific cells?

• Cell specialization is necessary to form tissues.

• Meiosis requires two cell types that unite to form a genetically unique individual.

• Cell reproduction results in tissue repair through mitosis.

• Embryos are cells of the same species that are related to a common ancestor.

Answer explanation

Cell specialization is essential for the development of tissues, allowing zygote cells to differentiate into various types needed for specific functions in the organism.

The diagram supports the idea that chordates —

• have embryos that develop at a similar rate.

• develop lungs from gill slits.

• develop a tail to maintain balance when moving.

• have similar characteristics during embryonic development.

Answer explanation

The diagram illustrates that chordates share similar embryonic features, supporting the idea that they have similar characteristics during embryonic development, which is the correct answer.

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two processes involved in energy transformations. Which statement describes the structure that captures energy and creates the molecule that stores the energy?

• Chloroplast captures and glucose stores

• Chloroplast captures and CO2 stores

• Mitochondrion captures and glucose stores

• Mitochondrion captures and H2O stores

Answer explanation

The chloroplast captures light energy during photosynthesis and converts it into chemical energy stored in glucose. CO2 is used in this process, making the correct statement: Chloroplast captures and CO2 stores.

A climax community is most likely —

• rapidly changing and characterized by particular plants and animals

• diverse with a stable composition of plants and animals

• slowly changing and damaged by plants and animals

• stable with multiple invasive species of plants and animals

Answer explanation

A climax community is typically stable and slowly changing, but it can be damaged by invasive species, which disrupt the balance of native plants and animals, making this the correct choice.